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100
"Having more than what you need."
What is a surplus?
100
These two major religions originated in India.
What are Buddhism and Hinduism?
100
This "promise" gave hope to the Hebrew / Israelite people that God would always be with them.
What is God's covenant with Abraham for the Hebrew people?
100
These are things that are written, created by, or tools used by a person who was actually there.
What is a primary source?
100
The religion of the Hebrews was different from all of the other cultures surrounding it in this significant way.
What is - they believed in ONE Creator God (not multiple gods)?
200
This idea / belief system states that if one has "lost the favor" of the gods, then it is time for a new ruler to rise up to power.
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
200
A textbook, a documentary, a biography - are all examples of these.
What are secondary sources?
200
The Hindu Kush & Himalayan mountains help to shape the climate and protect this country from outsiders.
What is India?
200
This language is thought to have developed during the Shang Dynasty as priests tried to "read" the oracle bones.
What is Chinese?
200
Both of these Chinese philosophies were concerned with imposing "social order" - one through harsh, strict rule; the other through rules for respecting others.
What are Legalism and Confucianism?
300
Living near a major river was important for these reasons.
What is - it was needed to provide water for people, animals, and crops (irrigation); and it was a main source of transportation and food (fish and other animals drawn to the water source); the mud and river reeds also provided building materials
300
Pyramids were a "failure" in this way.
What is - they were supposed to protect the pharaoh's body and material possessions for the afterlife, but often just became a target for thieves.
300
This "scattering" of the Jewish people helped them spread their religion (their belief and faith in One True God) everywhere they lived.
What is the Diaspora?
300
The climates of ancient Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt were similar in these ways.
What is - they were both hot and arid (dry, with very little rainfall); both had annual flooding (necessary for farming)
300
On a flow map showing the development of complex villages, this would come after "surpluses".
What is "specialization"? (Surpluses lead to having time to specialize in new areas besides just farming.)
400
This ancient Chinese philosophy stated that the goal of human beings was to be in "harmony" with nature.
What is Daoism?
400
Pyramids were a "success" in this way.
What is - they are still standing today; monuments to the pharaohs' "greatness"?
400
These three languages were similar in that they were forms of pictographs, each had thousands of characters, and each were difficult to learn - making the jobs of scribes very important.
What are the languages of the Sumerians, the Egyptians, and the Chinese?
400
This is one significant difference between Hinduism and Buddhism.
What is - Hindus believe in many, many gods. Buddhists would say there is no god.
400
This is how China's physical features affected its early development.
What is 1) had river valleys to promote city growth, 2) had everything from deserts, to mountains, to grasslands, to forests, to vast oceans - so LOTS and lots of resources, 3) was isolated/protected from outsiders because it was surrounded by mountains on one side and ocean on the other.
500
These three cultures can be said to have similar social class structures, with kings and priests at or near the top and uneducated common laborers / slaves at the bottom.
Who are the Sumerians, the Egyptians, and the Aryans?
500
These three geographical characteristics of ancient Egypt were beneficial to its long-term growth.
What is 1) the Nile River (irrigation/fertile soil/transportation/raw materials), 2) the deserts (for protection), 3) natural resources (stone, gold)
500
Shi Huangdi of the Qin Dynasty unified China by doing this.
What is using legalism to rule harshly; establish standard weights & measures for trade; build roads; build the Great Wall of China
500
This is why many historians identify the "beginning of history" with the beginning of writing.
What is - with the invention of writing (and the ability to translate early writing), history becomes more accurate. We then have primary written sources that help us to better understand history.
500
Languages, ideas, religions, fashion, etc.
What are types of things that traveled over the Silk Roads besides just physical goods?