Which organelle reads RNA in order to make proteins?
ribosomes
100
A cell is flat and wide so that it can form many layers. What type of cell is this?
Skin cell (also called epithelial cell)
100
How does a plant cell get the glucose that it needs to make energy?
It converts sunlight, water, and CO2 into glucose through photosynthesis.
100
The part of a DNA made of a phosphate, a sugar, and a base is called a _________________.
Nucleotide
Every strand of DNA is made of thousands of nucleotides that connect together.
100
If a strand of DNA has 659 Guanine bases, how many Cytosine bases will it have?
659 Cytosine bases
200
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
the cytoplasm surrounds and supports the other organelles
200
What is the function of a red blood cell?
To transport oxygen to all other cells via the heart.
*** think about how the shape of a red blood cell would help it carry oxygen throughout the body
200
How do animal cells get the glucose needed to make energy?
Animals consume the sugars in plant cells in order to get the glucose needed to make energy.
200
What is the function of the phosphate and sugar in the nucleotide?
They both provide structure to the strand of DNA by holding the strand of base pairs together.
200
How does the DNA code get from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes outside of the nucleus for protein production?
The RNA goes into the nucleus and makes a copy of the gene and then goes outside of the nucleus to be read by the ribosome.
300
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
After the ribosomes make the protein, the endoplasmic reticulum helps shape it and package it.
(helps with protein production)
300
Describe the shape of a nerve cell.
It has long "arms" that outstretch in order to connect to other nerve cells.
300
A cell takes in glucose and oxygen and creates energy. What is this process called?
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + O2 ----> CO2 + H2O + ENERGY
300
Fill in the blanks:
Adenine pairs with 1) ________________ and Cytosine pairs with 2)______________ in a strand of DNA.
1) Thymine
2) Guanine
300
What is the process of particles moving to be evenly through out their container called?
Diffusion
400
What are 2 organelles that a plant cell has, but an animal cell does not?
Cell wall
chloroplasts
vacuole
400
Which cell in your body would require more mitochondria?
Skin cell
Muscle cell
Bone cell
Muscle cell
They move the most and do the most work. Mitochondria make energy and the muscle needs the most energy.
400
A cell that is placed in salt water will...
a) shrink
b) grow
c) stay the same
a) shrink
The fluid in the cell will leave the cell in order to try to make the concentration of salt equal on the inside and outside of the cell.
400
If there is a section of DNA with 20 bases and we know that there are 5 cytosine bases in the section, determine how many bases of thymine, adenine, and guanine there are.
5 thymine
5 adenine
5 guanine
400
The order of the bases in a strand of DNA is changed; what is this called?
A genetic mutation!
500
Which organelle is in charge of the diffusion of materials in and out of the cell?
the cell membrane filters what can go in and out of the cell.
500
What organelle holds the DNA that codes for protein production?
The nucleus
Every cell has a nucleus, except for bacteria cells that have no nucleus.
500
What are the ingredients needed in order to make energy in our cells?
Oxygen and Glucose
500
Which part of the nucleotide codes for the production of proteins.
a) phosphate
b) sugar
c) base
c) base
The order of the bases is the code that ribosomes use to know how to make different proteins for the body.
500
A genetic mutation affects the way that ribosomes make specific ________________.
proteins
If the code for making proteins is changed, then the shape or function of the protein could be changed (which could be a big problem for the body!)