Unit 4 Ionic Compounds
What type of elements is an ionic compound made of?
metal elements bonded to a nonmetal elements
What type of elements make covalent compounds?
nonmetals bonded to other nonmetals
Which compounds are the reactants and which are the products in the following chemical reaction?
2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO
reactants are Mg and O2
products are MgO
What type of reaction does this generic equation represent?
A2B --> 2A + B
Decomposition
How many particles are in one mole?
6.022 x 1023
A label on a drink bottle list the following ingredients:
carbonated water, sucrose, glucose, citric acid, natural flavors, taurine, sodium citrate, color added, panax ginseng root extract, L-carnitine, L-tartrate, caffeine
Name a solvent and a solute
solvent is water
solutes are all other ingredients
What is an ion?
An atom that has lost or gained electrons in order to become more stable
Which of the following are covalent compounds? Choose all that apply.
NaF CH4 SO3 MgSO3
CH4
SO3
How many atoms of each type are in the following reaction?
3CaCl2 + 2CrN --> 2CrCl3 + Ca3N2
3 calcium atoms
6 chlorine atoms
2 chromium atoms
2 nitrogen atoms
What type of reaction is this?
2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO
synthesis
How many moles of feathers are in 1.4 x 1056 feathers?
2.32 x 1032 moles of feathers
When making a solution a student accidentally adds too much water. How will this effect the concentration?
The concentration will be lower than expected
When a metal loses electrons and has a positive charge, what kind of ion is it?
cation
How are valence electrons used to make covalent compounds?
They are shared between the nonmetal elements
What are the gaseous elements that always exist in diatomic state in nature (bonded to one like themselves)?
Br2 I2 N2 Cl2 H2 O2 F2
What two products are produced from a combustion reaction?
carbon dioxide and water
What is the molar mass for calcium cyanide Ca(CN)2 and lithium carbonate Li2CO3
1 mole Ca(CN)2 = 92.114g
1 mole Li2CO3 = 73.888g
If a student uses 2.43 grams of CuSO4 to make 100 mL of solution, what is the concentration?
0.15 M
What is the name for the following ionic compound:
K2O
potassium oxide
What is the formula for the following covalent compound?
trisulfur pentafluoride
S3F5
Balance the following equation:
S8 + F2 --> SF6
S8 + 24F2 --> 8SF6
Use the activity series to determine if this reaction will happen.
Ni + NaCl --> ?
No reaction because Nickle is below sodium on the activity series.
If 4.5 moles of lithium cyanide are produced in the following reaction, how many moles of calcium carbonate are produced as well?
Ca(CN)2(aq) + Li2CO3(aq) --> CaCO3(s) + 2LiCN(aq)
2.25 moles of CaCO3 will be produced
How many grams of Fe(NO3)2 are required to make 250 mL of a 0.25M solution?
11.24 mL
What is the formula for the following ionic compound: sodium nitride
Na3N
What is the name for the following covalent compound?
P2H3
diphosphorus trihydride
Balance the following chemical reaction:
Solid iron (III) oxide reacts with hydrogen gas to produce solid iron and liquid dihydrogen monoxide.
Fe2O3(s) + 3H2(g) --> 2Fe(s) + 3H2O(l)
Use the solubility chart to determine if the following reaction will happen.
potassium phosphate + calcium carbonate --> ?
No calcium carbonate is insoluble. Both reactants are aqueous need to be soluble.
If 3 moles of lithium cyanide are produced in the following reaction, how many grams of calcium carbonate are produced as well?
Ca(CN)2(aq) + Li2CO3(aq) --> CaCO3(s) + 2LiCN(aq)
150.129 g of CaCO3
How many mL of water should be added to 12.87 grams of CaCl2 in order to make a 0.77M solution?
150 mL
What is the formula for the following ionic compound:
manganese (II) phosphate
Mn3(PO4)2
What are some common physical properties of covalent compounds?
low melting points, powdery and soft, will NOT conduct electricity in water
Balance the following chemical reaction:
C3H6(s) + O2(g) --> CO2(g) + H2O(l)
2C3H6(s) + 9O2(g) --> 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l)
Predict the products of the reaction is aluminum with copper (II) sulfate and write their correct formulas.
What kind of reation is this?
Cu(s) + Al2(SO4)3
single replacement
If 3.6 g of aqueous calcium cyanide is mixed with 3.6 g of aqueous lithium carbonate how many grams of calcium carbonate is produced?
Ca(CN)2(aq) + Li2CO3(aq) --> CaCO3(s) + 2LiCN(aq)
3.91grams of calcium carbonate
When a student adds 25 mL of water to 35 mL of a stock solution of 4.5M sulfuric acid what is the concentration?
2.63 M
What are some common physical properties of ionic compounds?
high melting point, crystal structure, brittle, conducts electricity in water
What is the name of a covalent bond that share electrons UNEQUALLY between the element?
polar bond
Balance the following chemical reaction.
Sodium phosphate is produced from sodium sulfate and copper (II) phosphate.
3Na2SO4 + Cu3(PO4)2 --> 3CuSO4 + 2Na3PO4
Write the formulas for the products of a reaction between lead(II)nitrate and potassium iodide. Include their phases.
What kind of reaction is this?
PbI2(s) + KNO3(aq)
Double replacement
If 3.00 grams of calcium carbonate is actually collected during a lab and the theoretical yield is 3.91 grams, what is the percent yield?
Ca(CN)2(aq) + Li2CO3(aq) --> CaCO3(s) + 2LiCN(aq)
76.73%
A student finds an unlabeled bottle of CoCl2 solution. They test the absorbance to be 3.078. What is the concentration of the absorptivity is 20 M-1cm-1 and the path length is 1 cm?
0.1539M