Weathering
the Physical weathering that occurs when rainwater or melted ice soaks into tiny cracks in a rock and freezes, splitting the rocks
What is the area called where large or small streams flow?
Drainage system
Crevasses
deep cracks along the surface of a glacier
What is a huge bowl shaped depression along a valley glacier?
Cirque
What is the most widespread form of slow mass wasting?
Soil creep
What is the breaking or peeling away of rock in layers
Exfoliation
What is a delta?
it is a fan shaped deposit from the mouth of a river into a sea
Promontories
high ridges of rock and land that project out into the sea along deep water (pg 107)
What are scratches called along the ground due to glacier movement?
striae
what are break waters
objects designed to reduce the force of waves
what are the huge piles of rocks called at the base of a mountain or cliff?
Talus (pg 96)
What is called when water carves a channel in the ground?
Gullying
Dripstone
the buildup of water droplets and calcium carbonate that forms on the ceiling of a cave
What is the process called when wind transports sediments?
eolian process
What is the method to help drain water that modifies the smooth landscape into stair like structures?
Terracing
What is the reaction called when water and air mix with minerals (calcium, magnesium, and iron)
Oxidation (pg 97)
What is the most important effect of wind erosion?
Deflation
Karst regions
regions of the earth’s surface where limestone is abundant and exposed (pg 105)
What is the process called when gravity can move rock, soil, volcanic ash, snow, or ice.
Mass wasting
Tell me the difference between suspension and saltation.
Suspension is when wind lifts and moves particles over long distances.
Saltation is when wind lifts particles for a short distance and dropped abruptly.
Compare Physical and Chemical weathering.
Must contain two facts for both processes.
Physical: the breaking down of LARGE rocks by nature; the chemical composition does not change.
Chemical: the breaking down of rocks by a chemical reaction; the chemical composition of the rock is changed.
What are the sediments that are left on the plain in a delta like deposit called?
Alluvial fan
Fjords
a fjord is a valley that has been created and filled with water because of a glacier melting.
What is the simplest way to prevent erosion?
Plant vegetation.
Name me the four shapes of sand dunes?
crescentic dune
parabolic dune
transverse dune
star dune