Branches of Government (Sugar)
Which branch of government reviews laws to see whether they are constitutional (good) or unconstitutional (bad)?
the Judicial Branch
Did the New Jersey Plan or the Virginia Plan favor large states?
the Virginia Plan
What did the Magna Carta do? What big idea did we take from it?
It was a document that limited the power of the king and inspired the idea of limited government.
Which principle is this?
A government that has been limited in power by a constitution or written agreement.
limited government
What are reserved powers?
Reserved powers are powers only held by the STATES and the PEOPLE, not the federal government.
Who has the power to declare war?
the Legislative Branch
Which house of Congress is based on equal representation?
the Senate
This document was created by the Pilgrims in 1620 to make laws that would benefit society and establish self-government in Massachusetts.
the Mayflower Compact
Which principle is this?
The Constitution sets up a system of government in which the people rule by electing, or choosing, representatives.
Instead of taking part directly in government, citizens elect representatives to carry out their will (what they want).
republicanism
Which big government idea is this?
The idea that all people, including leaders, must follow the laws, and that the laws are enforced fairly.
Rule of Law
This branch of government can review laws and declare that current laws are unconstitutional and CANCEL them!
unconstitutional = do not follow the ideas of the constitutional
the Judicial Branch
Who does proportional representation (in the Legislative Branch) benefit more?
large states
Favorite Teacher
Any
The right to freedom of speech.
No cruel or unusual punishment
Fair and speedy trial.
Right to a jury of your peers.
No quartering soldiers.
No illegal search or seizures.
All of the following are examples of which constitutional principle?
individual rights
If a bill makes its way to the president and he does not like it, what power does he have to reject it?
VETO POWER
In the Executive branch of government the President relies on a group of advisors called _______________. These advisors specialize in different departments.
the Cabinet
What was the purpose of the 3/5ths Compromise?
In 1776 Thomas Paine wrote this series of pamphlets to advocate for independence from Great Britain, citing that when a government no longer protects the people, the people have a right to separate from that government.
Common Sense
Which principle is this?
Each branch can prevent the other branches from becoming too powerful. Each branch has powers that can limit the other branches to make sure the branches work together fairly.
checks and balances
What is an implied power?
An implied power is a power not enumerated (listed) in the Constitution, but suggested in its language.
It's a power that supports a looser interpretation of the Constitution.
Supreme Court Justices (judges) can serve for life so that they their job is secure even when making big court decisions that may be unpopular to the public. Unlike athletes, their job is not dependent on public opinion.
Other branches have term limits to keep them accountable to the public so that if the people don't like what they are doing they can vote them out of office. (The president can never be there too long so he can't amass power).
Why did Roger Sherman ultimately have to create the Great Compromise?
What did the Great Compromise suggest?
The Great Compromise was created to appease both small and large states when it came to the issue of representation.
It suggested that the Senate be based on equal representation and the House of Rep be based on proportional representation.
This was amongst the first group of people who came together to discuss and make laws in the 13 Original Colonies.
Hint: you probably want ketchup with it
the Virginia House of Burgesses
aka Virginia House of Burgers
Which principle is this?
The Constitution also divides power between the state governments and the federal government. Under the Constitution, the federal government has some powers, and the states have other powers. Certain powers are shared by both the federal and the state governments.
federalism
The Enlightenment philosopher named John Locke proposed 3 super-important ideas. What were they?
1. all humans are born with unalienable rights (life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness)
2. social contract - an agreement to give up some freedom in order to be protected by the government
3. separation of powers - he proposed the idea of 3 branches with separate responsibilities