category 1
Why have different foreign-language teaching methods appeared throughout history?
Teaching aims and learning conditions changed over time
A method named after the skill that is the main teaching objective may be called:
Oral method
Which method focuses mainly on reading and writing, with little attention to speaking and listening?
Grammar-Translation Method
The Grammar-Translation Method treats language learning mainly as:
An intellectual activity
The lecture suggests that no single method is appropriate for:
Every learning style and situation
A lesson using activities from several approaches reflects the idea of:
Varying techniques to address learner differences
The Direct Method is described as having been formulated around:
1900
The Natural Approach was developed by:
Stephen Krashen and Tracy Terrell
The Natural Approach originally emerged in:
1977
Terrell and Krashen published The Natural Approach in:
1983
The Natural Approach gives priority to:
Communication and comprehensible input
In the Natural Approach, student speech is generally:
Allowed to emerge gradually
Which is emphasized less in the Natural Approach?
Conscious grammar study and explicit error correction
The Natural Approach aims to make the learning environment:
As stress-free as possible
Which is one of Terrell’s activity areas?
Problem-solving activities
Terrell’s three broad stages of speech acquisition are:
Comprehension, early speech, speech emergence
Early speech in the Natural Approach may begin with:
Yes/no responses and one-word answers
Compared with the Direct Method, the Natural Approach places more emphasis on:
Input and reducing learner anxiety
Harold Palmer considered which exercise especially effective?
Question-answer work
According to Palmer, teacher questions should be:
Carefully planned
A suitable Palmer-style question should admit an answer that is:
Obvious, easy, and relevant
Palmer’s three stages of learning include receiving knowledge, repetition, and:
Real practice using knowledge
Palmer’s 100 Substitution Tables help learners:
Create sentences following patterns
Palmer emphasized oral speech through:
Speaking and understanding
The lecture mentions a minimum vocabulary list of:
3,000 words