Earth's Composition
What are the 3 main layers of the earth?
Core, Mantle, & Crust
Seismic waves are generated by.....
a. earthquakes
b. volcanoes
c. convection currents
d. ocean currents
a. earthquakes
Earth is split into chunks. Scientifically called....
tectonic plates
What does "convergent" mean?
moving towards each other
What is Pangaea?
when continents were all together in one big mass
What is the hottest layer of the Earth?
The core
What are the 2 types of seismic waves?
a. fast & slow waves
b. fluid & solid waves
c. primary & secondary waves
c. primary & secondary waves
What layer does tectonic plates sit on?
upper mantle
What does divergent mean?
moving away from each other
Why don't we have Pangaea anymore?
plate movement / plate tectonics
The outer mantle is what: solid, liquid, or gas?
liquid/fluid
Which type of wave stops completely in liquids?
S (secondary) waves
What type of geological activity usually occurs at plate boundaries? (2)
volcanoes & earthquakes
What does "transform" mean?
grinding/sliding past each other without going up or down
What layer of the earth has the most mass?
mantle
What is density & what is the densest layer?
density is the mass of the object relative to the size (mass + volume)
inner core
Waves move ________ in denser compositions.
faster
What two factors cause the movements of plates?
gravity & convection currents
What does a divergent boundary create in the ocean?
What is the inner core composed of (2)
Iron & Nickel
How do scientists use seismic waves to study how earth is composed?
They study how waves slow down, speed up, and disappear.
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convergent boundaries can create what TWO geological areas?
trenches & mountains