Chapter1
「そういうわけで、人々はめったに古典的なモデルを使わない。」[2019東北大・前期]
(T ) ( ) people (r ) use the classical model
(That's) (why) people (rarely) use the classical model
I became their (s ), and watched them become young teenagers. Although they lived primarily with their mother, they spent a lot of time with us as well. Over the years, we all learned to (a ). We enjoyed vacations together, ate family meals, worked on homework, played baseball, rented videos.
I became their (stepmother), and watched them become young teenagers. Although they lived primarily with their mother, they spent a lot of time with us as well. Over the years, we all learned to (adjust). We enjoyed vacations together, ate family meals, worked on homework, played baseball, rented videos.
💗💗💗Collocation Quiz➀
patent
“( ) you move away from the equator, there’s less and less light (a ), so humans have had to evolve bigger and bigger eyes,” said Ellie Pearce, a (g ) student from Oxford University
“(As) you move away from the equator, there’s less and less light (available), so humans have had to evolve bigger and bigger eyes,” said Ellie Pearce, a (graduate) student from Oxford University
At some point during starvation, ( ) the body runs out of glucose it starts using protein for fuel. In the process of burning protein, it taps the immune system antibodies, which are proteins. Starving people become highly (s ) to bacteria and viruses; they die ( ) infectious diseases precipitated by (l ) of protein in their bodies.
At some point during starvation, (as) the body runs out of glucose it starts using protein for fuel. In the process of burning protein, it taps the immune system antibodies, which are proteins. Starving people become highly (susceptible) to bacteria and viruses; they die (of) infectious diseases precipitated by (lack) of protein in their bodies.
💗💗After drinking (c ) water, the worms grow in the body for about a year. Once they have grown, they (e ) slowly from the body often around the foot area. It can take weeks for the worm to fully (e ). And during this time, the victim is ( ) great pain, making it almost impossible for the (v ) to work, move around or go about their lives.
After drinking (contaminated) water, the worms grow in the body for about a year. Once they have grown, they (emerge) slowly from the body often around the foot area. It can take weeks for the worm to fully (emerge). And during this time, the victim is (in) great pain, making it almost impossible for the (victim) to work, move around or go about their lives.
When we would “chat” like that, she wouldn’t (n ) know (i ) it was me or her dad operating the keyboard – that is (u ) she asked. That night she didn’t ask and I didn’t (i ) myself either.
💗💗When we would “chat” like that, she wouldn’t (necessarily) know (if) it was me or her dad operating the keyboard – that is (unless) she asked. That night she didn’t ask and I didn’t (identify) myself either.
💗💗Collocation Quiz➁
prejudice
💗💗「人生の最初の50年余りの間に、加齢に関連する否定的なステレオタイプを目にし、それを内面化すると、暗黙のバイアスが強くなる。」
When over the course of the first 50-odd years of our lives we see and internalise the negative stereotypes (a ) with ageing, the (i ) bias is so strong
When over the course of the first 50-odd years of our lives we see and internalise the negative stereotypes (associated) with ageing, the (implicit) bias is so strong
The lighter fluid goes “BOOM,” but (s ) his charcoal never starts burning. So he squirts more lighter fluid, lights another match, and watches it blow up again while his wife and I ( ) ( ) ( ) him. He makes (f ) trips to the store for more lighter fluid.
The lighter fluid goes “BOOM,” but (somehow) his charcoal never starts burning. So he squirts more lighter fluid, lights another match, and watches it blow up again while his wife and I (make) (fun) (of) him. He makes (frequent) trips to the store for more lighter fluid.
The strategy to eliminate this disease has been (c ): public education. (P ), villagers thought the disease came from (w ), or from eating bad meat. However, now they know that it comes from the (p ), where they get their drinking water.
The strategy to eliminate this disease has been (consistent): public education. (Previously), villagers thought the disease came from (witchcraft), or from eating bad meat. However, now they know that it comes from the (ponds), where they get their drinking water.
💗💗💗「日本の格安航空会社は、早急に新幹線産業に挑戦するだろう。」[2016上智大]
Budget airlines in Japan will (p ) challenge the (b ) train industry.
Budget airlines in Japan will (promptly) challenge the (bullet) train industry.
💗💗💗💗💗Which Hashira does Mr Higashi like best?
➀甘露寺蜜璃 ➁煉獄杏寿郎
➂胡蝶しのぶ ➃宇髄天元
➃宇髄天元
A study suggests that people who live at higher (l ) have larger eyes and more ability in their brains to (d ) with visual information compared with those living nearer the (e ). Researchers measured the brain volumes and eye sizes of 55 (s ) kept at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History (d ) from the 19th century.
A study suggests that people who live at higher (latitudes) have larger eyes and more ability in their brains to (deal) with visual information compared with those living nearer the (equator). Researchers measured the brain volumes and eye sizes of 55 (skulls) kept at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History (dating) from the 19th century.
「カミロ・ポイントの浜辺には、中国語、日本語、韓国語、英語、時にはロシア語のラベルが貼られた洗濯かごやボトル、容器が山積みになっている。」[2019筑波大・前期] At Kamilo Point the beach is piled with laundry baskets, bottles, and containers with labels in Chinese, Japanese, Korean, English, and (o ), Russian
occasionally
💗💗The Carter Center, along with the US chemical company Dupont, developed a (f ) cloth filter which was effective and could be made and (d ) cheaply. By filtering all the village drinking water through these fine cloths, the villagers were able to stop the worms ( ) entering the human body.
The Carter Center, along with the US chemical company Dupont, developed a (fine) cloth filter which was effective and could be made and (distributed) cheaply. By filtering all the village drinking water through these fine cloths, the villagers were able to stop the worms (from) entering the human body.
💗💗However, I continue to feel somewhat like an (o ). (S ) I had no children of my own, my experience of parenting was limited to my husband’s four, and often I felt sad because I would never know the special (b ) that (e ) between a parent and a child.
However, I continue to feel somewhat like an (outsider). (Since) I had no children of my own, my experience of parenting was limited to my husband’s four, and often I felt sad because I would never know the special (bonds) that (exists) between a parent and a child.
💗💗💗💗💗💗💗💗💗💗
What do you think Mr Higashi will be doing this Sunday?
➀AM班活、PMサイトラ作り
➁AM班活、PM新潟で釣り
➂AM天井、PM草刈り
➃AM班活、PM天井
➀AM班活、PMサイトラ作り
💗💗Professor Dunbar concluded that the increase ( ) brain volume must have evolved (r ) recently in human history. He added, “It’s only within the last 10,000 years or so that modern humans have (o ) all latitudes right up to the Arctic Circle. So, this is probably a development that’s happened within the last 10,000 years.”
Professor Dunbar concluded that the increase (in) brain volume must have evolved (relatively) recently in human history. He added, “It’s only within the last 10,000 years or so that modern humans have (occupied) all latitudes right up to the Arctic Circle. So, this is probably a development that’s happened within the last 10,000 years.”
「1993年までには、カンジは厳しい言語理解テストに合格し、3歳半の人間の子供と同程度の能力を発揮するようになった。」[2019名古屋大・前期]
By 1993, Kanzi could pass (r ) language comprehension tests, performing at about the level of a 3.5-year-old human child.
rigorous