Chapter 9
Wandering raiders from Scandinavia
Who were the Vikings
The practice by lay rulers of granting the symbols of spiritual authority to churchman, such as bishops and abbots.
What is lay investiture?
Duke of Normandy who invades England and becomes the first Norman king of England.
Who was William the Conqueror?
This Muslim Sultan captured Jerusalem from the Christians.
Who was Saladin?
Founder of the Order of Preachers.
Who was St. Dominic?
One who swears an oath of loyalty and support to a lord.
What is a vassal?
The buying and selling of Church offices or privileges for money.
What is simony?
The Castilian hero of legendary exploits who took Valencia and gave it to the Castilian crown.
Who was Rodrigo Diaz or El Cid?
This city was sacked in the Fourth Crusade.
What was Constantinople?
architectural style characterized by pointed arches.
What is Gothic?
a servant bound to the place of his birth and obligated to work for the landowner
What is a serf?
This German emperor had to do public penance in the snow.
Who was Henry IV?
Henry II's chancellor and then archbishop; martyred before his altar in the cathedral at Canterbury.
Who was St. Thomas Becket?
Providing medical care and protecting Christian pilgrims.
What was the primary mission of the Knights Hospitaller?
Most influential pope of the Middle Ages.
Who was Pope Innocent III?
Swedish Viking who settled in Russia and founded a kingdom.
Who was Rurik?
This important abbey sparked an important reformation.
What is the Abbey at Cluny?
The document, signed by King John of England, expressing the medieval idea that kings do not stand above the laws and customs of their lands, but are subject to them.
What was Magna Carta?
In this battle, the kings of Aragon, Castile, and Navarre crush the Almohad power.
What is the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa?
Founder of the Friars Minor.
Who is St. Francis?
An organization of merchants or craftsmen, formed to protect their craft or business
What is a guild?
The battle in which Otto I defeated the Magyars.
What is the Battle of Lechfeld?
The English assembly, begun as a council of barons, churchmen, and representatives of the shires and towns.
What is Parliament?
King Louis IX was taken prisoner during this crusade. Considered the last Crusade.
What is the seventh crusade?
The Seven Liberal Arts.
What are grammar, logic, rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy & music?