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Theories of Crime

100

Which sociologist developed strain theory?

Robert K Merton

200

Crime can be positive for society through maintaining society? Who said it?

Emile Durkheim

300

Emile Durkheim and Robert K. Merton both share a ___________ theory of crime. 

Functionalist. 

400

Crime is caused by a disconnect between people's norms and values, and the norms and values that society poses on them. 

Name the theory or theorist. 

Howard Becker

Interactionist. 

500

Crime is negative and helps to maintain capitalism/keep the class divide. The ruling class created laws that allow them to benefit by labelling a scapegoat as a criminal. In most cases, the criminal is a member of the working class, who is targeted more by the police and so is overrepresented in the statistics on crime.

Marxist

Types of Crime

100

Jimmy punched Johnny the face. 

What type of crime is it?

Crime against the person

200

Jimmy loves fire. It's mesmerizing to him. Jimmy decides to explore his love for fire in the local bushland. 

What crime is Jimmy about to commit?

Crimes against property

300

Using your phone while driving is?

A victimless crime...

Until an accident is caused. 

400

Non-violent crimes perpetrated to obtain money are often considered...

White collar crimes

500

List 2 elements that must be met for something to be considered a hate crime?

• The act must be done in a public place.

• The act must be done with the intention to offend, insult, humiliate or intimidate.

• The attack must be based on race, colour, or national or ethnic origin.

Straight to jail

100

______ is  the act of punishing someone as a form of justice or repayment for a wrong doing they have committed.

Retribution

200

__________ refers to the approach or process of repairing harm caused by a wrongdoing, focusing on healing, reconciliation and addressing the needs of both the victim and the offender.

Restoration

300

Name two different examples of therapeutic justice anywhere in the world

Koori Court

VIC Drug Court

Dissuasion Commission 

400

List all 5 recognised aims of punishment. 

retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, societal

protection and restoration

500

List at least 2 positives of rehabilitative prisons 

• More likely to deter reoffending if the rehabilitation is effective and the underlying social problems are addressed

• Depicts society as capable of forgiveness and kindness

• Case-by-case basis decisions are based on the individual’s unique set of circumstances

• Focuses on all people involved

Deviance

100

Name one popular historical example of Deviance

The Suffragette movement. 

200

Give an example of how deviance is a relative concept

Eating dogs

300

Explain how functionalists view deviance. 

Affirmation of Society's norms and values

Clarification of moral boundaries

Unification of others

Promoting social change

400

Name the four bonds in social control theory

Attachment 

Commitment

Involvement

Belief

500

Explain the process of Labelling Theory

1. Deviant behaviour that breaches social norms is observed.

2. Social reaction based on biases occurs.

3. The behaviour is labelled as deviant by observers.

4. ‘Deviant’ status can lead to self-fulfilling prophecy.

5. The potential for an ongoing cycle of deviance develops.

Glossary

100

Altruism

refers to an action that is performed to a help a person or group without reward or acknowledgement.

200

Innate characteristics

are inherent traits or qualities that an individual is born with.

300

Qualitative methods 

are processes that generate descriptive data, including lived

experiences and personal perspectives about social issues.

400

Recidivism

Recidivism refers to the tendency or likelihood of a previously convicted individual

to engage in criminal behaviour again after their release or after the completion of

a sentence.

500

Supraconformity

Supraconformity refers to an individual’s capacity to perform at a level beyond the

normal expectations set by a society.