Acid & Base Basics
This type of substance tastes sour and turns blue litmus paper red.
What is an acid?
A neutral solution has this pH value.
What is 7?
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is considered this type of acid.
What is a strong acid?
Acid + base produces these two products.
What are salt and water?
According to Arrhenius, acids produce these ions in water.
What are H⁺ ions?
Bases feel slippery because they react with these molecules on your skin.
What is fat/oil (forming soap)?
Red litmus paper stays red in this type of solution.
What is an acid?
Acetic acid (vinegar) is considered this type of acid.
What is a weak acid?
Antacids neutralize stomach acid to relieve this condition.
What is heartburn?
According to Brønsted–Lowry, a base is defined as a proton ______.
What is acceptor?
Name one common household base used in baking.
What is baking soda (NaHCO₃)?
The pH of household ammonia is closest to this range.
What is 11–12?
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dissociates completely in water, making it this type of base.
What is a strong base?
Write the balanced equation for HCl reacting with NaOH.
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
Lewis acids are electron pair ______.
What are acceptors?
Which acid is found in your stomach to help digestion?
What is hydrochloric acid (HCl)?
Universal indicator turns this color in a strongly basic solution.
What is purple?
Ammonia (NH₃) is a weak base because it only partially does this in water.
What is ionize?
Neutralization reactions are usually this type of reaction (heat-releasing).
What is exothermic?
This substance can act as both an acid and a base, making it amphoteric.
What is water (H₂O)?
This acid is used in fertilizers and explosives, and is known as HNO₃.
What is nitric acid?
The pH of human blood is tightly regulated around this value.
What is 7.4?
Explain why strong acids have lower pH values than weak acids at the same concentration.
Because they fully ionize, producing more H⁺ ions.
In agriculture, lime (CaO) is used to neutralize acidic soil. What compound does it form when reacting with water?
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂).
In the equation NH₃ + H₂O ⇌ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻, identify the Brønsted–Lowry acid.
What is H₂O?