Models of Disability
This model locates the problem in the individual's impairment.
A) The social model
B) The medical model
C) The ICF framework
D) The biopsychosicial model
The medical model
Term for when a physical symptom is wrongly attributed to a patient's psychiatric or cognitive condition.
A) Confirmation bias
B) Diagnostic overshadowing
C) Anchoring bias
D) Availability heuristic
Diagnostic overshadowing
This federal law passed in 1990 prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities.
A) The Rehabilitation Act
B) The Civil Rights Act
C) The Americans with Disabilities Act
D) The Disability Equity Act
The Americans with Disabilities Act
A Deaf patient relies on lip-reading. Your hospital requires masks. This is one accommodation you could offer. (many anwers may be correct)
Example of a correct answer: Use a clear mask or written communication tools
This is one provider-level change that could be made today to increase accessibility: (many answers may be correct)
Example of a correct answer: Ask every patient how they get to their appointments
This model locates the problem in the environment and society
A) The medical model
B) The pathological model
C) The social model
D) The ICF framework
C) The social model
The intentional or unintentional discrimination against people with disabilities.
A) Ableism
B) Stigma
C) Implicit bias
D) Paternalism
Ableism
The percentage of how many U.S. adults report having a disability. (1 in ___)
A) 1 in 10
B) 1 in 4
C) 1 in 2
D) 1 in 7
1 in 4
An autistic patient gives one-word answers in a loud waiting room. This is an environmental factor that may be contributing:
A) The patient is being uncooperative
B) The patient has low intelligence
C) The patient is experiencing sensory overload from the clinical environment
D) The patient needs a higher level of care
The patient is experiencing sensory overload from the clinical environment
This is one institution-level change that would reduce barriers for wheelchair users: (many answers may be correct)
Example of a correct answer: Ensuring all exam tables are height-adjustable and accessible
This WHO framework synthesizes both models and adds personal and environmental factors
A) The Disability Rights Model
B) The Biopsychosocial Model
C) The ADA Framework
D) The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
This is an example of person first language: (many answers may be correct)
Example of a correct answer: "Person with autism"
This is a barrier specific to neurodivergent patients that differ from mobility-related barriers. (many answers may be correct)
Example of a correct answer: Sensory overwhelm in waiting rooms
This ICF category pertains to the following: "cannot attend school events due to no ramp"
A) Body function impairment
B) Personal factor
C) Activity limitation due to an environmental barrier
D) Participation restriction due to a personal factor
Activity limitation due to an environmental barrier
A patient hasn't filled their prescription because of cost. This is the person on the care team that should be looped in.
A) The hospital security team
B) The patient's insurance company directly
C) A social worker to explore financial assistance programs
D) The pharmacy to switch to a brand-name medication
A social worker to explore financial assistance programs
In the ICF model, these are the three domains of disability experience.
A) Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery
B) Physical, Mental, Social
C) Impairments, Activity Limitations, Participation Restrictions
D) Body, Mind, Environment
Impairments, Activity Limitations, Participation Restrictions
The DSM-5 term that replaced "Asperger's Disorder" in 2013.
A) Pervasive Developmental Disorder
B) High-Functioning Autism
C) Autism Spectrum Disorder
D) Social Communication Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder
This phenomenon explains why autistic or intellectually disabled patients may be under-diagnosed with depression.
A) Anchoring bias
B) Diagnostic overshadowing
C) Confirmation bias
D) The halo effect
Diagnostic overshadowing
A non-verbal patient comes in with a caregiver. This will ensure you're treating the patient as the primary decision-maker.
A) Direct all questions to the caregiver for efficiency
B) Ask the caregiver to step out before beginning the visit
C) Address the patient directly first, using whatever communication tools are available
D) Document the patient as lacking decision-making capacity
Address the patient directly first, using whatever communication tools are available
This is one community-level advocacy strategy a medical student could realistically pursue: (many answers may be correct)
Example of a correct answer: Partnering with a local disability organization to improve health literacy resources