Maps and Landforms
Why might a coastline map need to be redrawn every few years?
Because coastlines and landforms change over time.
Which rock type is formed when magma or lava cools?
Igneous rock.
Weathering that breaks rock into smaller pieces without changing what it’s made of is called what?
Physical weathering.
What do rocks become after weathering and erosion break them down?
Sediment.
What is erosion?
The movement of sediment from one place to another.
Which type of map best shows mountains, rivers, and coastlines?
A physical map.
Which rock type often contains fossils and forms in layers?
Sedimentary rock.
Weathering that changes what rock is made of is called what?
Chemical weathering.
Which process can change igneous rock into metamorphic rock?
Heat and pressure.
What is deposition?
Dropping/settling sediment in a new place.
Which type of map shows the shape of the land (hills, flat areas, elevation)?
A topographic map.
Which rock type forms when rock changes because of heat and pressure?
Metamorphic rock.
Freezing and thawing makes cracks in rocks get bigger. Physical or chemical?
Physical weathering.
True or false: All rock types can become sediment.
True.
Name two forces that can cause erosion.
Wind, water, ice, gravity (any two).
Name three processes that can change landforms over time.
Weathering, erosion, deposition.
A rock has a fossil shell inside it. What type is it?
Sedimentary rock.
Rain mixes with pollution and reacts with rock. What kind of weathering is this?
Chemical weathering.
What happens to magma/lava to become igneous rock?
It cools and hardens.
Sand dunes can move over time because of what two processes?
Erosion and deposition (by wind).
A company wants to build on land and needs to know if it’s hilly or flat. What map should they use, and why?
A topographic map; it shows elevation/land shape.
A rock is shiny/glassy and formed from cooled lava. What type is it, and what does that tell you about how it formed?
Igneous; it formed when lava/magma cooled.
Give one example of physical weathering and one example of chemical weathering.
Examples:
Physical: cracking/freezing-thawing; Chemical: pollution rain reaction/rusting.
Explain one path in the rock cycle using at least 3 steps.
Example:
Rock → weathering/erosion → sediment → compaction/cementation → sedimentary rock.
If wind always blows from the ocean toward land, where will sand dunes slowly move over time?
Farther inland/away from the ocean.