Criminal Terminology
A punishable offense against society
What is a crime?
A punishable offense against an individual
What is a civil offense?
A crime punishable by less than one year in prison
What is a misdemeanor?
Crimes generally without force or violence usually committed in the business world
What is white-collar crime?
The use of reasonable force to protect oneself
What is self defense?
Laws based on customs or standards
What is common law?
Binding agreement between parties
What is arbitration?
The willful and illegal burining of a building
What is arson?
A crime punishable by more than one year in prison
What is a felony?
Unlawfully offering something of value to influence an official
What is bribery?
When a person does not understand the difference between right and wrong
What is criminal insanity?
This law ensures due process is served.
What is procedural law?
Non binding agreement between parties
What is mediation?
Knowingly receiving stolen property
What is a fence?
Lesser misdemeanors
What is an infraction?
Obtaining money or property by wrongful use of force, fear, or power of office
What is extortion?
Freedom from prosecution when one has committed a crime
What is immunity?
Rules for citizens to follow
What is substantive law?
Miranda rights are this type of law
What is procedural law?
Traditional definitions made it difficult to prosecute these crimes.
What is computer crime?
Disorderly conduct, speeding
What is a misdemeanor?
Competing companies may not cooperate in fixing prices or dividing sales regions
What is anti-trust laws?
Disproving, justifying, or excusing the alleged crime
What is substantive defense?
Employment Law
What is business law?
A duty to do/not do a certain act; A violation of that duty; criminal intent
What are the 3 elements of a crime?
What is burglary and robbery?
Parking tickets, littering
What is an infraction?
The criminal intent of one person can substitute for a person in authority who should have been responsible
What is vicarious criminal liability?
Defense based upon the way evidence was obtained
What is procedural defense?
Every claim that arises in civil court falls under this law.
What is tort law?