The Pressure is On
This pressure represents the pressure that propels blood to the tissues, and is represented by the diastolic pressure plus the pulse pressure divided by 3.
What is mean arterial pressure?
This hormone decreases blood pressure by vasodilating blood vessels and increasing salt and water loss.
What is atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?
This pressure gradient is found by multiplying cardiac output (CO) by total peripheral resistance (TPR)
What is mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Baroreceptors effect lasts this long.
What is only a few mins (about 1-3 mins)?
Ways to increase vasodilation
What are decrease sympathetic tone and increase ANP blood levels?
A negative net filtration pressure at the venous end of a capillary indicates this
What is reabsorption; fluid is moving into the capillary bed?
Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
What is pulse pressure?
Located in the carotid sinuses, aortic arch, and walls of large arteries, these receptors monitor changes in MAP
What are baroreceptors?
These hormones enhance sympathetic response by increasing cardiac output and by promoting vasoconstriction (there are 2 of them).
What are norepinephrine and epinephrine?
Hydrostatic capillary pressure and osmotic interstitial pressure are two different types of this.
What are ways to move fluid out of the capillary wall (bulk flow)?
These kinds of controls occur from outside of the tissue or organ, and utilize nerves and hormones to complete its actions.
What are extrinsic controls?
A decrease in MAP triggers this.
What is vasoconstriction (to increase CO)
The inverse relationship between blood vessel radius and resistance mostly exists in this blood vessel.
What is an arteriole?
This enzyme activates angiotensin II in the indirect renal mechanism.
What is renin?
The cardiovascular center and vasomotor center controls this
What is the diameter of blood vessels?
This long term blood pressure regulatory system uses the kidneys and a long chain of chemicals to ensure stable BP
What is the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS/RAAM)?
Name 3 (out of 5) of the major determinants of mean arterial pressure (MAP)
What is increase in SV and heart rate, decreasing blood vessel diameter, increasing blood viscosity and blood vessel length?
This is how the baroreceptor reflex maintains blood pressure.
What is when BP rises it activates the baroreceptors in the carotid sinuses, aortic arch and in the walls of almost every large artery. When these arteries are stretched the baroreceptors send rapid impulses to the cardiovascular center which inhibits the vasomotor and cardioacceleratory centers and stimulates the cardioinhibitory centre. This causes vasodilation and decreased cardiac output which drops BP and vice versa for increasing BP?
This mechanism is responsible for long term regulation of blood pressure
What is the renal mechanism?
These capillaries are found in the liver, bone marrow, spleen, and adrenal medulla.
What are sinusoid capillaries?
These two centers are found in the medulla and regulate cardiac rate
What are the cardioinhibitory and cardioacceleratory centers?