Principles of Composition
The distribution of visual weight is in an artwork
Balance
Balance where both sides look the same.
Symmetrical balance.
Opposing light vs. dark is an example of what?
Contrast
The principle where the viewer’s eye is guided through the artwork.
Movement
The arrangement of elements in artwork.
Composition.
Using differences like light vs. dark or rough vs. smooth.
Contrast.
Balance where sides look different but still visually equal.
Asymmetrical balance.
Organic vs. geometric shapes create what?
Contrast
Lines, shapes, or repeated patterns help create what?
Movement.
The main area of interest where the eye goes first.
The focal point.
Guides where the viewer’s eye goes first in an artwork.
Emphasis
The term for how “heavy” elements feel visually.
Visual weight
The area the artist wants you to notice first.
The focal point (emphasis).
A mathematical concept used to create visually pleasing movement and balance.
The Golden Ratio.
The principle dealing with the area around and between objects.
Space.
The path the viewer’s eye follows through an artwork
Movement
One way artists create asymmetrical balance.
Using a large object balanced by several smaller ones; or balancing color, texture, or value differences.
Using a bright color in a dull scene to draw attention is an example of what principle?
Emphasis.
How does the Golden Ratio affect the viewer’s eye?
It naturally leads the viewer’s eye along a spiral path that highlights important elements.
How can artists use space to create depth?
Overlapping objects, using size changes, atmospheric perspective, or foreground/middle ground/background.
The size relationships between parts of an artwork
Proportion and Scale
Why does symmetrical balance feel stable?
Because identical or mirrored elements create order and structure, giving the composition a sense of equilibrium.
Name two ways contrast can be created (not color).
Shape (organic vs. geometric), texture (smooth vs. rough), size (large vs. small), or value (light vs. dark).
Give an example of movement without using lines.
Repeating shapes, color gradients, directional lighting, or positioning objects to lead the eye.
How does composition create harmony and focus?
By organizing elements intentionally so they relate well, guide the viewer’s eye, and highlight key areas.