World History Unit 4 Review

Renaissance & Reformation

100

In 1517, this man posted his Ninety-Five Theses in which he highlighted reforms that he believed the church should undertake

Martin Luther

200

Although born in France, John Calvin is most closely associated with his reform efforts in this Swiss city

Geneva

300

It's the term given to literature written in the language spoken by common people, rather than Latin or another "educated" language

Vernacular

400

At the Council of this city, held 1545-1563, the Catholic Church attempted to address concerns over corruption but doubled down on doctrine

Trent

500

This 1555 decision allowed HRE princes to choose between Catholicism and Lutheranism, but the exclusion of Calvinism left the Empire open to further conflict

Peace of Augsburg

Religious Wars & Conflicts

100

This English Queen was the notorious figure most closely associated with the English Counter-Reformation

Mary I (Bloody Mary)

200

This Spanish King is most closely associated with "militant Catholicism," and even sent an armada to try to invade and re-Catholicize England

Philip II

300

This Bohemian event in 1618 launched the conflict that would become known as the Thirty Years War

Defenestration of Prague

400

When Henry of Navarre converted to Catholicism to become Henry IV of France, he issued this edict, which granted tolerance to Protestants

Edict of Nantes

500

The Thirty Years War achieved very little, and was finally settled in 1648 with multiple treaties that made up the Peace of this, resulting in considerably greater autonomy for HRE princes

Peace of Westphalia

Absolutism

100

This French king established an elaborate court at Versailles to keep his nobles happy (or distracted); he is known as the Sun King and famed for such bon mots as "L'État, c'est moi"

Louis XIV

200

This Russian czar was known for a number of reforms and accomplishments geared towards westernizing and modernizing Russia

Peter I (the Great)

300

Frederick William of this state issued a number of reforms dedicated to bolstering the army

Brandenburg (Prussia)

400

This central European empire had a number of ethnic and religious minorities, and as such its monarchs never successfully implemented an absolutism on the scale of France or Russia

Austria-Hungary

500

This political philosopher argued in his Second Treatise on Government that humans were endowed with inalienable rights, and that the primary purpose of government was to protect those rights.

John Locke

Islamic Empires

100

Name of the empire that emerged in Anatolia and eventually conquered Constantinople

Ottoman

200

Name of the empire founded by Akbar that emerged in Afghanistan and rose to prominence by toppling the Delhi Sultanate

Mughal

300

Name of the empire that emerged in Azerbaijan, was predominantly Shia Muslim in character, and had capitals in Tabriz and Isfahan

Safavid

400

Name of the empire that defeated the Nawab of Bengal at the Battle of Plassey in 1757

British

500

Name for the elite guard of soldiers within the Ottoman Empire that were conscripted from non-Muslim communities and converted to Islam

Janissaries

Asian Empires

100

Name of the Islamicate empire that dominated the Indonesia spice trade prior to the arrival of Europeans

Melaka

200

Reason the Jesuit missionaries were eventually kicked out of Japan

Destruction of Shinto sacred sites

300

The strategy employed by both the Chinese and the Japanese for dealing with European traders

European traders were only allowed access to certain ports, could only trade with certain agents, and only for a certain period of the year

400

Name of the distinctive hairstyle employed by the Qing to identify their supporters

Queue

500

Name of the capital fort founded by the Dutch in Java in the 1600s

Batavia