3A
DNA is in the shape of a what?
double helix
Which RNA is produced during transcription?
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
What do cells do in interphase?
Cell grow and perform normal functions
What happens in prophase?
Nuclear membrane disappears and the chromatin begins to coil up.
In this process there are two cell divisions that take place
Meiosis
In DNA, adenine always pairs with?
Cytosine always pairs with?
Thymine
guanine
In RNA, adenine pairs with what?
In RNA guanine pairs with what?
uracil
cytosine
What is the first step in DNA replication?
An enzyme unzips the DNA
into two halves.
What happens in metaphase?
Chromosomes are lined up at the center of the cell.
Reduces the 2n number of genes to n
Meiosis
What is a nucleotide made of?
sugar, phosphate, and a base
What is the purpose of translation?
the process of converting the DNA code into a protein
What is the end product of mitosis?
2 diploid (2n) daughter cells
What happens in anaphase?
Sister chromatins divide and separate
Forms sperm or egg cell
meiosis
What two things determine the protein that is built from a particular gene?
1. nucleotides present in gene
2. order that the nucleotides are in
The amino acids are bonded together in a growing chain, a process called
protein synthesis
What are spindle fibers?
cytoskeleton fibers attaches to each chromosome and each end of the cell
-Spindle moves these chromosomes in cell
What happens in telophase?
mitosis
What is a gene?
a section of a DNA molecule that codes for a unique protein
What is the end product of translation?
building proteins in the cytoplasm
What is the end product of meiosis?
4 haploid (n) daughter cells
What happens in cytokinesis?
Cytoplasm is divided and two new cells will form where they receive organelles
Includes the use of budding or regeneration to reproduce
Mitosis