Summer
What is a genetic factor that blocks another genetic factor called?
dominant trait
What term describes how a trait appears or is expressed?
phenotype
What is the ability to maintain steady internal conditions called?
homeostasis
What are tissues that connect bones to other bones called?
ligaments
Blood leaves the heart through the two lower chambers called what?
Ventricles
What is the smallest unit of life?
cell
Which tiny vessels enable oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients to move between blood and body cells?
capillaries
What is the stiff structure outside the cell membrane found in many plants, fungi, and bacteria?
cell wall
Name three of the seven characteristics of living things.
Examples: growth and development; reproduction; response to stimuli; cellular organization; use of energy (metabolism); adaptation; homeostasis.
Name two body systems that work together to move your body.
The muscular system and the skeletal system.
Blood enters the heart through the two upper chambers called what?
atria
Which vessels carry blood away from the heart?
arteries
What is the passing of traits from parents to offspring called?
heredity
Which organelle uses light energy to make food in plant cells?
chloroplast
What is the type of reproduction in which genetic materials from two different cells combine producing genetically different offspring?
sexual reproduction
Which tissue is made of strong fibers that can contract in an orderly way and enables movement?
muscle tissue
What fluid inside the cell contains salts and other molecules?
cytoplasm
Name the organelle that packages proteins into vesicles to transport them within the cell.
golgi apparatus
What term means made of only one cell?
unicellular
What is the process of waves of muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract called?
peristalis
What are the 3 principles of cell theory?
All living things are made of _____
Cells are the basic unit of ______
All cells come from _________ cells
cells
life
preexisting
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs? Oxygen moves from the alveoli into what?
oxygen moves into capillaries (blood)
xplain why asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.
Offspring inherit all their DNA from one parent, so they are genetically identical (clones).
hat system collects and eliminates wastes and regulates fluid levels in the body?
the excretory system
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells regarding genetic material?
In prokaryotic cells, genetic material is not surrounded by a nucleus (or membrane); in eukaryotic cells, it is surrounded by a nucleus (nuclear membrane).