People
___________ was an Italian who became an explorer for Spain in the late 1400s. He crossed the Atlantic Ocean and reached the Americas in 1492, claiming the land in the name of Spain. His voyage marked the beginning of European exploration and the colonization of the Americas. His idea was to sail _________ in order to get to the trade goods of the East.
Christopher Columbus
West
________ was built in Constantinople around 537 A.D. and was an important building in the _______ Empire. It was built as a church, and many of its architectural elements became characteristics of Byzantine architecture. One of the significant features of the building is its large dome and mosaics.
Hagia Sophia
Byzantine
The _______and________ _______are located to the northeast of the Arabian Peninsula. Together, they were the home of the first human civilizations in the area called the Fertile Crescent.
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
The _____________is a narrow body of water between Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It is about 1,200 miles long and only about 190 miles across at its widest point.
Red Sea
The ______________ is located in southeastern Europe and lies to the north of the Arabian Peninsula and Asia Minor. It connects to the Mediterranean Sea through the Bosphorus Strait, the Sea of Marmara, and the Strait of Dardanelles.
Black Sea
America was named after ___________, a Florentine navigator and explorer who played a prominent role in exploring the New World.
_________started the Protestant Reformation in ______in 1517.
Amerigo Vespucci
Martin Luther, Germany
_______________ is located to the northeast of the Arabian Peninsula. It is the largest inland body of water in the world and is bordered by the Caucasus Mountains and the steppes of Central Asia.
the Caspian Sea
_______________, also known as Charles the Great, was best known for uniting Western Europe for the first time since the fall of the Roman Empire.
Charlemagne
Europeans brought the _______ to the New World, which gave the Native Americans a new form of transportation. They also brought _______, which nearly wiped out certain native communities that had no immunity to the illnesses. The arrival of the Europeans also had a great impact on the people living in the Americas. Europeans spread ______ throughout North and South America.
horse
diseases
Christianity
___________ was a French explorer. In 1608, he founded Quebec on the St. Lawrence River. This was the first permanent French settlement in North America.
Samuel Champlain
The ______ were a warrior people from Scandinavia who devastated Europe with raids in the 9th and 10th centuries. Using maneuverable ships called longboats, they became well-known for their fierce attacks along the coasts of Britain and continental Europe.
Vikings
_______________ is a narrow body of water that lies between the Arabian Peninsula and southwestern Iran. The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers flow into this body of water.
What was the biggest advantage of the Caravel sailing ship?
the Persian Gulf
It was Fast!
English nobles seeking to limit the power of their king forced him to sign the _______ in 1215 C.E. This document also established the principle that the English nobles had individual rights that the king could not violate. As time went on, these rights were given to all English citizens. This document required the king to obey the laws.
Magna Carta
____________ was a Spanish conquistador who accompanied Columbus on his second voyage to the New World. He later became the first governor of Puerto Rico. He was also the first European to have visited what is now the U.S. by landing in Florida in 1513, and he discovered the Gulf Stream.
Juan Ponce de León
Who was the explorer to discover the Mississippi River?
Hernando De Soto
The term "_________" is used to describe the exchange of crops, animals, people, diseases, and technology that occurred after Columbus' discovery of the New World. As a result of the contact between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, people in both places were introduced to a variety of new goods, ideas, and cultural traditions.
Columbian Exchange
This mountain range is located to the North East of Mesopotamia.
the Zagros Mountains
Columbus made his transatlantic voyages under the sponsorship of ___________and__________, the Catholic Monarchs of Aragon, Castile, and Leon in Spain.
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Beginning in 1347, a deadly disease - probably bubonic plague - spread across Europe. It killed as many as 25 million people, about one-third of the population, over the next five years. Carried by fleas on rats, the disease is believed to have started in the Central Asian steppes region before making its way into Europe through Mediterranean ports. Known as the ____________ because of the black spots it left on victims' skin, the disease killed three out of four people it infected, usually in three days or less.
Black Death
Who was the first explorer to circumnavigate the globe?
Ferdinand Magellan
Who invented the printing press?
Prince Henry the Navigator was from _________.
________ was an Italian navigator and explorer who is considered to be the first European to land on the North American mainland since the Vikings. He was looking for the Northwest Passage to Asia on behalf of England.
Johannes Gutenberg
Portugal
John Cabot
Located in Russia, the ___________ are considered to be the east-west divide of Europe and Asia.
Ural Mountains
The _____________ occurred in the late Middle Ages, beginning in the 1400s in Italy. During this time period, Europe experienced many cultural changes and saw a return to "classical" thought, which meant a rebirth of the ideas and thoughts of the ancient Greeks. In fact, the word "__________" itself means "rebirth." During this time, there were many advances in the fields of literature, the arts, science, mathematics, astronomy, engineering, cartography (map-making), and medicine.
Renaissance
Where did Columbus land first?
the Bahamas and Hispaniola
_________ was a Polish astronomer. He developed the theory that the sun was the center of the universe, an idea that was considered scandalous because the prevailing view was that the Earth was the center of the universe.
___________ was an Italian physicist, mathematician, and astronomer. He invented an accurate telescope.
Nicolaus Copernicus
Galileo Galilei