General Facts
What was the Industrial Revolution?
A period when people began using machines to produce goods
What was the primary purpose of the cotton gin?
To separate cotton fibers from their seeds
What was the purpose of the power loom?
To automate weaving cloth
What is Capitalism
An economic system where businesses are owned privately
What was a significant challenge faced by factory workers?
Hazardous working conditions
What were factories used for during the Industrial Revolution?
Manufacturing goods on a large scale aka Mass Production
What are interchangeable parts?
Parts that can be used for different machines
What did the Spinning Jenny do?
Allowed rapid production of yarn and thread
What is the principle of free enterprise?
Businesses operate in competition without government control
What social issue was highlighted by child labor during the Industrial Revolution?
Children working long hours under harsh conditions
How did the Industrial Revolution change transportation?
Introduced faster and more efficient modes
What is a turnpike?
A privately built road charging a fee
What is a patent?
A legal right protecting inventors' ideas
What economic change did factories bring?
Increased job opportunities and urban population
What new social class emerged during the Industrial Revolution?
Middle class
What is one major benefit of mass production?
Lower cost and increased availability of goods
Who invented the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
Why were canals important during the Industrial Revolution?
They increased trade and expansion
What is urbanization?
The migration of people to cities
What kind of people were part of the new social class?
Factory owners, managers, and skilled workers
What was the primary cause of urbanization during the Industrial Revolution?
Movement of people to work in factories
How did turnpikes impact the economy?
Improved transportation of goods and people
What was the steam engine's role in the Industrial Revolution?
It was crucial for powering machines and locomotives
What drives businesses in a capitalist economy?
Profit motive
Who popularized the concept of interchangeable parts?
Eli Whitney