Vocabulary
Portion of DNA that determines traits.
Gene
Inside the nucleus of a __________ are arrangements of DNA called __________, which are the basic units of heredity.
cell, genes
Describe the relationship between genes, proteins, and traits.
Genes control proteins that determine traits.
The process of making proteins from RNA is called _______________.
translation
Basic unit of life.
Cell
When genes have _______________, different proteins are being made that can change structure and function in beneficial, neutral, or even harmful ways.
mutations
How do changes to genes affect the traits of an organism?
Changes cause mutations in organisms, and can be harmful, beneficial or neutral.
Adenine pairs with _______________.
thymine
Many genes structured together.
Chromosome
Found on _______________, genes determine which _______________ your cells will make.
chromosomes, proteins
When cells make copies of DNA before they divide to form new cells, it is called _______________.
replication
A feature of an organism.
Trait
There are different _______________ of genes that code for all the different traits organisms can express.
variants
Guanine pairs with _______________.
cytosine
Structural changes to genes.
Mutations
The process of _______________ is when mRNA carries information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
transcription