Earth's Structure
This type of plate boundary causes plates to move apart and new crust to form.
What is a divergent boundary?
The process where organisms with traits better suited to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more.
The name that's given to organisms that make their own food using sunlight.
What are producers?
This pigment in plants absorbs light energy to start photosynthesis.
What is chlorophyll?
Describe how chromosomes, genes, and DNA are related.
DNA is made up of genes and chromosomes are made up of DNA.
This layer is hot and convecting, driving plate movement.
What is the mantle?
In natural selection, which individuals are most likely to pass their traits to the next generation?
What are the "fittest" individuals with advantageous traits for the environment?
In a simple food chain, if grass is eaten by a rabbit and the rabbit is eaten by a fox, which organism is the secondary consumer?
What is the fox?
Where photosynthesis takes place in a plant cell.
What is the chloroplast?
The term that describes the physical appearance or observable trait of an organism.
What is a phenotype?
This principle says that in undisturbed rock layers, the oldest layers are at the bottom.
What is the Law of Superposition?
What can happen to a species if its environment changes faster than it can adapt?
What is extinction?
This group breaks down dead organisms and returns nutrients to the soil.
What are decomposers?
The main purpose of cellular respiration in organisms.
What is to turn glucose into usable energy?
In a single-factor (monohybrid) cross, what is the expected genotype ratio when two heterozygous parents (Aa × Aa) produce offspring?
25% AA, 50% Aa, 25% aa
Give one example of physical evidence that supports the idea that Earth has changed over geologic time.
Fossils
Name an example of a modern organism or group that shows variation used by natural selection.
What are the peppered moths?
How does parasitism differ from predation? Give one example of each.
What is parasitism keeps the host alive whereas predation kills their prey?
State the Law of Conservation of Mass in one sentence.
Matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
The type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells for growth and repair.
What is mitosis?
Give one example of how humans can increase erosion.
Removing vegetation.
How does artificial selection (selective breeding) show principles similar to natural selection? Give one example.
Humans select for desired traits (e.g., dog breeds).
Explain how disease can act as a limiting factor.
Disease reduces population size by killing or reducing reproduction.
Name the two reactants plants need for photosynthesis.
What is carbon dioxide and water?
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of sexual reproduction.
Advantage: Variation
Disadvantage: Slow