Body Systems & Digestion
This body system breaks down large food molecules into smaller nutrient molecules that can fit inside cells.
What is the Digestive System?
Cellular respiration takes place inside this organelle, known as the "powerhouse of the cell."
What is the Mitochondrion (or Mitochondria)?
This specialized type of blood cell is responsible for carrying oxygen gas from the lungs to body tissues.
What are Red Blood Cells?
Multicellular organisms use mitosis for tissue repair, replacing damaged cells, and this main biological process.
What is Growth?
This organelle houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and acts as the main control center.
What is the Nucleus?
Digestion breaks down complex starch molecules into this small, simple sugar molecule used for cellular energy.
What is Glucose?
Cellular respiration produces this high-energy chemical molecule that powers all cell activities and functions.
What is ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)?
Red blood cells use this iron-rich protein to directly bind and carry oxygen molecules throughout the body.
What is Hemoglobin?
This 4-letter acronym represents the correct order of the four consecutive stages of mitosis.
What is PMAT (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase)?
A cell spends roughly 90% of its total life cycle in this non-dividing phase, growing and copying its DNA.
What is Interphase?
During digestion, large protein molecules are chemically broken down into these small cellular building blocks.
What are Amino Acids?
These TWO starting reactant molecules are required in balanced amounts for cellular respiration to occur.
What are Glucose and Oxygen?
In our Amplify medical case, Elisa experienced severe tiredness and fatigue because her cells were not producing enough of this.
What is ATP energy?
Before a cell divides, loose chromatin condenses into these tight structures so DNA splits evenly without tangling.
What are Chromosomes?
During Metaphase chromosomes line up in the middle, but during Anaphase chromatids move in this direction.
What is Away / Apart (to opposite ends of the cell)?
This body system absorbs digested glucose and amino acids from the small intestine and delivers them to muscle cells.
What is the Circulatory System?
According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, the total number of these stays the same before and after cellular respiration.
What are Atoms?
Long-distance cyclists train in high-altitude mountains because lower atmospheric oxygen stimulates their bodies to produce more of these.
What are Red Blood Cells?
If a human body cell containing 46 chromosomes divides by mitosis, EACH new daughter cell will contain this exact number of chromosomes.
What is 46 chromosomes?
Plant cells perform photosynthesis to make glucose inside this organelle, which animal cells lack.
What is the Chloroplast?
Large molecules like starch and undigested proteins cannot enter cells directly because of this restriction at the cell membrane.
What is being too large to fit through selective cell membrane pores?
If a muscle cell receives plenty of glucose but lacks oxygen, this will happen to the rate of cellular respiration.
What is slowing down or stopping (decreasing ATP energy production)?
Artificially injecting red blood cells (blood doping) increases this liquid property of blood, making it thicker and straining the heart.
What is Viscosity?
While mitosis splits the nucleus, this specific phase pinches and physically divides the cytoplasm into two separate cells.
What is Cytokinesis?
Active muscle cells contain significantly more mitochondria than skin cells for this specific biological reason.
What is requiring much more ATP energy for continuous work/movement?