Geology on Mars
What two claims were made about how the channel on Mars formed?
1) The channel was formed by flowing lava
2) The channel was formed by flowing water
Earth's outer layer is made of solid rock that is divided into moving _________.
Plates
Name the two main types of rock mentioned in this unit
Igneous and sedimentary
All substances have different ______________
properties, atomic structures
Name 2 out of the 4 spheres that make up a planetary system.
Geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere
The plates move on top of a soft, solid layer of rock called the ________.
mantle
Describe the difference between how igneous and sedimentary rock form
Igneous forms from magma, sedimentary rock forms from compaction and cementation
During a chemical reaction, one or more starting substances, called _______ combine to create _______(s)
reactants, product
Name 3 of our solar system's rocky planets.
Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Earth
Describe what happens at divergent plate boundaries.
Rock rises from the mantle and hardens, adding new solid rock to the edges of the plates
What is weathering?
When rock is moved or broken down from the movement of wind and water
Atoms can be created, but not destroyed. True or false?
False
_____ rock is formed by flowing water, _____ rock is formed by flowing lave
Conglomerate, basalt
Describe what happens at convergent plate boundaries
One plate moves underneath the other and sinks into the mantle
What processes can be caused by plate motion?
subduction and uplift
Diamonds are made entirely of which atom?
Carbon
Ultimately, the channel on Mars was most likely formed due to _________, which suggests that Mars was once __________
flowing water, habitable
What is the name of the ancient, massive "supercontinent" referenced in the readings?
Gondwanaland
Describe metamorphic rock
Rocks that go through change beneath Earth's surface without actually being melted
What was the name of the corrosive substance used in the diamond robbery?
Hydofluoric acid