Earth Systems & Geosphere
Which Earth system contains all living things?
Biosphere
What is the process plants us to convert light energy, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose?
Photosynthesis
What cells carry water from roots up to the leaves?
Xylem cells
What is an ecosystem?
All the living and nonliving parts of the environment in a given area.
When both species benefit from a relationship, what is it called?
Mutualism
What is the atmosphere?
The layer of gases and particles that surrounds Earth.
What are the small openings on the lower surface of leaves called?
Stomata
What does cellular respiration convert food energy into?
ATP
Give four examples of abiotic factors.
Air, water, soil, and sunlight
When one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed, what is it called?
Commensalism
Name 3 main types of rocks.
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
What happens during the first step of photosynthesis?
Plants capture energy in light.
Why is cellular respiration important to plants?
Without cellular respiration, plants could not grow, reproduce, or repair tissues.
What is a habitat?
Food, water, shelter, and other factors needed to survive and reproduce.
When one species benefits and the other is harmed, what is it called?
Parasitism
Explain what happens during the carbon cycle.
Carbon continuously moves among Earth's systems.
What three things are used during photosynthesis, and what two things are produced?
Uses: Light energy, water, and carbon dioxide
Produces: glucose and oxygen
What is a stimulus?
Changes in an environment that cause organisms to respond.
What is an organism's niche?
How a species interacts with biotic and abiotic factors to meet its needs
What is carrying capacity?
The largest number of individuals of one species an ecosystem can support over time.
How could an increase in greenhouse gases affect Earth?
It can cause/increase global warming.
According to your notes, photosynthesis produces as much as what percentage of the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere?
75%
A plant bends toward a window. What is happening, and what environmental stimulus is causing it?
The plant is responding to light by growing toward it.
What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?
Biotic factors a living or once living; Abiotic factors are nonliving.
Explain how extinction of one species can affect other populations in an ecosystem.
When a species becomes extinct, it can affect other populations and their carrying capacity.