DNA
Genes are sections of this molecule.
What are genes?
The type of reproduction in which the offspring receives genes from both parents.
What is sexual reproduction?
Cells make copies of their DNA during this phase
What is interphase?
The process of putting amino acids together in a specific sequence
What is protein synthesis?
The term for combining an egg and a sperm cell
What is fertilization?
The term that describes a cell that has two of each kind of chromosome
What is diploid?
The number of chromosomes in a human sperm cell.
What is 23?
During mitosis, the cell divides these molecules
What are chromosomes?
This molecule carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes.
What is messenger RNA?
If a mouse has 40 chromosomes in its normal diploid cells, the number of chromosomes in its egg cell
What is 20?
The three types of molecules that make up a nucleotide.
What are a sugar, a phosphate, and a base?
The process of forming the gametes (egg cell and sperm cell)
What is meiosis?
The phase in which the nuclear membrane disappears
What is prophase?
This group of three bases codes for a particular amino acid.
What is a codon?
The two scientists who came up with a model for the structure of DNA
Who are Watson and Crick?
The four bases of a DNA molecule
What are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine?
The new cell that forms from the union of two gametes
What is a zygote?
The phase in which new nuclear membranes form
What is telophase?
The purpose of mitosis
What is to ensure each new cell has an identical set of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Protein synthesis occurs on this organelle
What is a ribosome?
In an RNA molecule, uracil always pairs with this base.
What is adenine?
Three methods of asexual reproduction
What are budding, regeneration, and spores?
The process of dividing a cell's cytoplasm and organelles
What is cytokinesis?
The structures are formed when all the genes of a chromosome have duplicated but are still attached to one another.
What are sister chromatids?
This molecule involved in translation never contains the code for a sequence of amino acids.
What is tRNA?