Enzyme Kinetics
To what class of biomolecules do enzymes belong?
Proteins
What is the term for the molecules produced at the end of a chemical reaction?
Products
What is the substrate for the enzyme amylase?
Carbohydrates (starch)
In which organ does the chemical digestion of proteins begin?
Stomach
What is the protein substrate we will use in the Pineapple Lab?
Gelatin
Does an enzyme act as a reactant, a catalyst, or both?
Catalyst
Which process physically breaks food into smaller pieces to increase surface area?
Mechanical digestion
What are the three final products of lipid digestion?
Monoglycerides, glycerol, and fatty acids
Which organ is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption?
Small intestine
Why is fresh pineapple considered "active" in this lab?
It contains bromelain
What model describes the specific fit between a substrate and an active site?
Lock and key
Digestion breaks down polymers into what smaller building blocks?
Monomers
What type of enzyme specifically breaks down proteins?
Protease
Which organ in the human body helps kick off both mechanical and chemical digestion?
The mouth
What is the term for the untreated group used for comparison?
The control
Beyond temperature, what environmental factor can cause an enzyme to denature?
pH levels
Is the process of breaking bonds to release energy a physical or chemical change?
Chemical
What are the three specific building blocks (monomers) resulting from the breakdown of lipids and proteins?
Fatty acids, amino acids, and monosaccharides.
Which organ follows the stomach in the digestive path?
The small intestine
What term describes when an enzyme's shape is permanently changed by heat?
Denature
How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?
By weakening chemical bonds
What specific molecule is the primary energy "currency" created after digestion and respiration?
ATP
What substance is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder to help digest lipids?
Bile
Where are monosaccharides and amino acids first available for the body?
The small intestine
What animal-based protein is gelatin actually made of?
Collagen