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Charge and Current
Batteries
Circuits
Power
Safety
100
Another name for potential difference
Voltage
100
Explain what happened when Volta connected the parts of his cells in a circuit.
There was current.
100
The current through a resistor of unknown value is 0.025 A when it it is connected to a 10.0 V source. What is the value of the resistor?
Resistance = V divided by Current (A) So, 10 divided by .025 = 400
100
What is the equation for determining Power?
Power = Voltage x Current OR P = VI
100
The _________ of an electrical plug connects any metal pieces of an appliance to the ground wire of a building.
What is a third prong
200
The transfer of electrons from one part of an object to another part, caused by the electric field of another object, without the two touching is called___________.
What is induction
200
A battery is a combination of two or more ______________ in a series.
Electrochemical cells.
200
This device is used to measure current.
What is an ammeter
200
What is the equation for figuring out Energy?
Energy = Power x Time
200
A ______________ is a connection that allows current to take the path of least resistance.
What is short circuit.
300
What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator, and how each of their atoms are made up.
A conductor is a material through which charge can easily flow. The atoms are bound loosely. An insulator is an object through which charge cannot easily flow. The atoms are tightly bound and do not move easily.
300
DAILY DOUBLE!!! What is a chemical reaction?
a process in which substances change into new substances with different properties.
300
Describe the differences between a series and parallel circuit (paths, resistance, advantages, disadvantages)
In a series circuit, there's only one path for the current to take. They're very simple to design/build. Resistance increases with more bulbs on a series circuit. In a parallel circuit, there are multiple paths for the current to take. With more branches added to the circuit, resistance decreases. If a bulb goes out, the remaining lights stay lit.
300
What is electric power?
Electric Power is the rate at which electrical energy is transformed into another form of energy.
300
Describe how a fuse works
It contains a thin strip of metal that melts if there is too much current in it. This breaks the circuit which stops the current.
400
What are the four factors that determine the resistance of a wire, or any object?
1) The material from which it's made 2) length 3) diameter 4) temperature
400
Describe the parts of Volta's battery and how they were arranged.
Volta's battery consisted of three repeated layers of zinc, paper soaked in salt water, and silver.
400
Describe Ohm's Law, specifically what happens to the resistance in a constant current if the voltage increases.
Ohm's law states that resistance is equal to the voltage divided by the current. If the current is constant, and voltage increases, the resistance increases.
400
An electric water heater that uses 40kW runs for 5.0 hours. What is its power?
200 kWh (40kW x 5.0 h)
400
A ______________ is a reusable safety device that breaks the circuit when the current gets too high.
Circuit breaker
500
Describe how an atom gets a negative charge, positive charge, and no charge.
If one object gives up electrons, the other gains those electrons. If it gains them, the object becomes negatively charged. If it loses electrons, the object becomes positively charged.
500
Describe an electrochemical cell and the parts that make it up.
An electrochemical cell is a device that transforms chemical energy to electrical energy. It consists of two different types of metals called electrodes, which are immersed in a substance called an electrolyte. The electrolyte is a substance that conducts electric current.
500
What are the three basic features of a circuit.
Energy source, resistor, conducting wires.
500
What are 2-3 ways that people can save money on their electric bills?
Turn down the thermostat during the winter, turn off the lights when not in the room, unplug appliances that aren't always in use, install motion sensor lights in rooms...
500
Explain why a downed electric wire is a safety hazard for people and animals and what exactly happens when it's touched.
It can shock or kill. The person or animal become the short circuit, allowing for the current to use the body as the path of least resistance.