Volcanoes
Volcanoes, mountains, and earthquakes form when ___________ collide.
What are tectonic plates?
The 4 warning levels for volcano eruptions are: ________, __________, __________, and _________.
What are normal, advisory, watch, and warning?
_________ rocks are formed when magma or lava solidifies. There are two types: Intrusive (formed deep in the Earth's layers) and Extrusive (formed at the Earth's surface when volcanoes erupt.
What are igneous rocks?
________ fossils include the actual remains of a living thing. For instance, insects can be preserved in amber, a kind of resin given off by some trees.
What are preserved remains?
In order to fossilize, organisms must be rapidly ________ in sediment before they decompose. Only rare events such as floods, tsunamis, landslides, sandstorms, or volcano eruptions could lead to this.
What is buried?
The place where magma collects before it erupts is called a _________.
What is a magma chamber?
If a volcano is a non-eruptive state or if volcanic activity has ceased, the warning level should be __________.
What is normal?
_______ rocks are formed when other rocks are changed by pressure or heat. They are formed in many places in the Earth's crust, near volcanoes or plate boundaries, deep underground.
What are metamorphic rocks?
________ fossils form when minerals fill the spaces in the tissues of a dead organism.
What are petrified or permineralized fossils?
The _______ parts of an organism usually rots away, leaving the hard bones that react with minerals in groundwater, turning the bones into stone.
What is soft?
A ___________ volcano is wide and shallow. Its lava has low viscosity.
What is a shield volcano?
If a volcano is showing signs of elevated unrest, the warning level should be _________.
What is advisory?
________ rocks are formed as layers of sediment are compacted or cemented. They are often found near bodies of water.
What are sedimentary rocks?
_______ and _______ fossils are 3D fossils formed when a living thing makes an impression or imprint in sediment that is fossilized and filled in by material that fossilizes in its shape.
What are mold and cast fossils?
In order to become a fossil, buried animals must remain __________ and protected from scavengers and decomposers.
A __________ volcano is steep with a crater top. Its lava has medium viscosity.
What is a cinder cone volcano?
If a volcano is showing signs of heightened or escalating unrest with increased potential of eruption the warning level should be ___________.
What is watch?
Fossils are most likely to be found in layers of __________ rocks.
What are sedimentary rocks?
________ can become fossilized when the sand or mud an organism steps in compacts and cements into sedimentary rock.
What are tracks or footprints?
Finding marine fossils in mountainous areas is evidence that ________ occurs.
What is uplift?
A _________ volcano is tall and steep. Its lava has high viscosity.
What is a stratovolcano?
If a volcano is showing signs that a hazardous eruption is coming, the warning level should be __________.
What is warning?
Bottom rock layers are ________ than top rock layers. This means that fossils found in bottom rock layers are _________ than fossils found in layers towards the top.
What is older?
____________ forms when organic material in feces is replaced with minerals.
What is coprolite?
What are weathering and erosion?