Cell Theory
What does it mean to be unicellular?
To be made of one cell
Which organelle is the "control center" of the cell?
Nucleus
Which organelle gives plant cells their rigid, box-like structure?
Cell Wall
Chromosomes
What is the genotype for a homozygous dominant trait?
Two capital letters (e.g., BB)
Give an example of something that is multicellular.
Their answer should be something living that we can see WITHOUT a microscope.
Which organelle provides energy by breaking down food molecules?
Mitochondria
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
What do we call a trait that can always be observed if it is present?
Dominant Trait
What is the phenotype for a heterozygous genotype if brown eyes (B) are dominant?
Brown Eyes
Who is Robert Hooke?
The scientist who gave us the term cells for what we saw in the microscope.
What is the function of the ribosomes?
make protein for the cell
What is the function of the vacuole?
store water, nutrients and/ or waste
What type of trait is only observable if both parents pass it on?
Recessive Trait
What is the ratio of genotypes when you cross two heterozygous parents (Bb x Bb)?
1 BB : 2 Bb : 1 bb
Give 5 of the 6 characteristics of life
made of cells
respond to stimuli
use energy
reproduce
homeostasis
grow and develop
Which organelle packages and ships materials around the cell?
Golgi Bodies
What is the main difference between the vacuoles found in an animal cell compared to a plant cell?
a plant cell has a large vacuole and some animal cells have small vacuoles ( or no vacuoles)
What is a segment of DNA that determines a trait called?
Gene
If freckles (F) are dominant, what is the phenotype for "ff"?
No Freckles
What are the 3 parts of Cell Theory?
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of life.
3. Cells come from pre-existing cells.
Lysosomes
Describe the shape of a plant cell and an animal cell.
animal cell = circular
What is the passing of traits from parents to offspring called?
Heredity
Cross a homozygous dominant yellow plant (YY) with a heterozygous plant (Yy). What percentage of offspring will have yellow peas?
100%