Earth's Systems
Which of Earth's 4 systems includes all the living organisms on Earth?
Biosphere
What are two ways humans contribute to climate change?
Increased emission of greenhouse gases by burning of fossil fuels for electricity, transportation, and machinery, deforestation, and factory farming
Which process is occurring when materials are dropped or laid down somewhere new?
Deposition
Which type of rock usually has several visable layers?
sedimentary
What is one individual way you can combat climate change and one systemic way you can combat climate change?
Cut emissions, reduce your own carbon footprint, promote sustainable practices, support companies that are committed to solving climate change, engaging with your community to learn and teach others about climate change, contact government officials to encourage them to help solve climate crisis
Which of Earth's 4 systems would a waterfall be a part of?
hydrosphere
What is the difference between renewable and nonrenewable energy?
Nonrenewable resources = a natural resource the cannot be replaced as quickly as it is used; coal, gas
Renewable resources= a natural resource that can be replaced at the same rate as it is used or faster; water, wind, and solar energy
Which process is occurring when bits of broken rock move down a river?
Erosion
other rocks being put under intense heat, pressure, or chemical processes
What is geological change and how does it happen?
Geological change are natural processes that reshape Earth in some way. They can happen slowly or quickly, affect big or small areas, and have been occurring and will continue to occur for all of Earth’s history.
What is the geosphere?
rocks, minerals, and landforms on Earth’s exterior and all matter in Earth’s interior
What is the difference between climate and weather?
Weather is the conditions outside RIGHT NOW in a specific place, where climate is the weather conditions that are expected in a region at a particular time of year.
Provide an example of erosion and deposition.
Erosion=process where materials are being moved
Deposition=process where materials are settling down somewhere new
What is the rock cycle?
the series of processes in which rock forms, changes from one type of rock to another, and forms again
What is an inexhaustible resource?
type of renewable resource that cannot be used up by human activity such as sunlight or wind
Which of Earth's 4 systems is the air we breathe?
atmosphere
What is the greenhouse effect and how does it contribute to climate change?
Greenhouse effect=process where Earth’s atmosphere traps heat, warming the planet; too many gases are being emitted and getting trapped in atmosphere, causing climate change
Name one example of physical weathering and one example of chemical weathering.
Physical:rocks breaking, cracking, being split apart
Chemical: rusting, acid rain
Which type of rock can any type of rock become?
metamorphic
Name three pieces of evidence for Pangea.
Continent shapes go together like puzzle pieces
Fossils from similar species are distributed across continents that are now across the ocean from each other
Sea floor spreading
Which of Earth's 4 systems is the lava under Earth's crust?
Geosphere
How does biodiversity allow ecosystems to bounce back after a climate disturbance?
If there are many types of organisms in an area, more than one species can perform the same functions in the ecosystem. This provides the ecosystem with greater stability and resilience to survive disturbances. More biodiversity=ecosystems can bounce back faster from problems.
What are the 4 types of erosion?
wind, water, ice, and gravity
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rock?
Intrusive igneous is formed when magma pushes into rock and cools, and extrusive igneous is formed when lava erupts onto a surface.
What is the name scientists have given to the eventual supercontinent that will from in the next several million years.
Amasia (this will not be on the final exam, but its the highest level challenge question so)