Earth's Layers
Melted rock inside the Earth:
magma
Theory of Plate Tectonics
Plate boundaries that collide.
Convergent Boundaries
A raised area of Earth's crust with a crater or vent through which molten rock can be erupted:
Volcano
Vibrations that travel through the Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake.
Seismic waves
Lithosphere
What is the force that moves the continents?
Convection Currents
Plate boundaries that slide past each other.
Transform boundaries
Bursting of molten rock from the Earth's mantle to the surface.
Eruption
A crack in the Earth's crust.
fault
Even though this layer is extremely hot, it is in a solid state.
Inner core
Continental Drift
Plate boundaries that move away from each other.
Divergent boundaries
Subduction zones located all around the Pacific Ocean:
Ring of Fire
Where the cold oceanic lithosphere sinks back into the mantle and is recycled.
Subduction Zone
Solid layer of rock found under the ocean:
Oceanic crust
A supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras.
Pangaea
An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced.
Mid-ocean ridge
Can cause earthquakes, volcanoes and the formation of mountains:
Convergent boundaries
Fault lines caused by these plate boundaries can cause earthquakes.
Transform boundaries
Describe density, temperature and pressure as you go deeper into the Earth.
They all increase.
Who put forth the Theory of Continental Drift?
Alfred Wegener
The process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor.
Sea floor spreading
Creates rift valleys:
Divergent boundaries
A Richter Scale measures the strength of __________waves.
seismic