The Middle Ages
Who was at the bottom of the social pyramid during the Middle Ages.
Peasants/Serfs
An intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities, which included grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, and history.
Humanism
How many Theses were nailed to the door of The Castle Church in Wittenberg, prompting the formation of the Protestant Reformation?
95
The ____________ occurred when England broke away from the Catholic Church and formed its own protestant faith known as Anglicanism.
English Reformation
A ____________________ is a soldier who claims territory in the Americas for Spain.
Conquistador
The manner in which the Black Death spread from Asia to Europe.
Fleas, rats, and ships.
Secularism, an emphasis on the individual, and flourishing new artforms characterized the _____________Renaissance, which flourished in places like Florence.
Developed by Martin Luther in the 14th century, ____________ was the first protestant faith.
Lutheranism
The English monarch ____________________, father to Queen Elizabeth I, was married to 6 wives, 2 of which he had executed.
Henry VIII
The exchange of plants and animals between Europe and the Americas during the 16th and 17th centuries is known as the ________________________________________.
Columbian Exchange
The social order during the Middle Ages that required each section of society to provide and receive something from the group above/below it.
Feudalism
____________________ is the language of everyday speech in a particular region.
Vernacular
A release from all or part of punishment for sin by the Catholic Church, reducing time in purgatory after death, that could be purchased from the Catholic Church.
Indulgences
The ____________________ is the leader of the Catholic Church.
Pope
In 1519, the Spanish explorer ____________ conquered the Aztec empire in modern day Mexico.
Hernan Cortez
The name of the specific illness that killed 2/3 of Europe during the Middle Ages.
Yersinia Pestis
Using their wealth and personal influence, the ____________________ family ruled the city of Florence and made it the cultural center of Italy.
Medici
The belief that God has determined in advance who will be saved (the elect) and who will be damned (the reprobate).
Predestination
Which wives did Henry VIII have executed?
Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard
The practice of purchasing human cargo from Africa and selling them to Spanish landowners in the Americas as forced labor.
The Atlantic Slave Trade
A series of religious wars during the Middle Ages that was based around which religious group controlled the Holy Land.
The Crusades
During the Renaissance, ____________________ wrote The Prince, a guidebook on how to gain and keep political power, which still influences the Western world today.
Machiavelli
The process of being deemed worthy of salvation, by God.
Justification
Who were Henry VIII's heirs?
Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I.
A system of Native American slave labor that the Spanish used in the Americas.
Encomienda