Scientific Process
Variable that you as the experimenter are changing in an experiment
Independent Variable
Two or more different elements chemically combined
What are some evidences that a chemical reaction has occurred?
Bubbles, temperature change, odor, precipitate forms, color change.
The way to know for sure is that a NEW SUBSTANCE is formed.
What equation allows you to calculate speed?
S=d/t
Describe the process of "Convection".
Transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles in a circular motion where warm particles rise and cooler particles sink.
When finding what basketball brand bounces the highest, what would the dependent variable be?
How high the ball bounces
Define an element.
A pure substance made up of all the same type of atom.
Describe the difference between a "Physical" and "Chemical" Change.
Physical change- matters shape or state, but remains the same chemical combination.
Chemical change- matter rearranges into a NEW SUBSTANCE.
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is distance divided by time.
Velocity is distance divided by time with DIRECTION!
Why does thermal energy move from hotter particles to colder particles?
Fast moving molecules bump into slower moving molecules, the faster molecule transfers some of its energy to the slower ones.
What's this called: If the wilson ball is used then it will bounce the highest because it's made of better materials.
A hypothesis
What is the name of the two numbers in the Chemical Formula below, starting with the larger number first.
3AgNO₃
What is a coefficient and subscript
Describe the difference between a solvent and a solute.
A solvent is the substance in greatest quantity in a aqueous solution and dissolves the solvent. The solute is the substance being dissolved.
What happens when objects have unbalanced forces acting upon them?
An object's movement will speed up, slow down or change direction.
Describe "eccentricity" and how number values determine orbital shape.
Eccentricity is the measure of how far an object's orbit is from being circular.
0=circular, 1=elliptical
What's this called: How does the basketball brand affect how high the ball will bounce?
Testable Question
Describe what to do when a chemical formula has parentheses? Example below:
Fe(SO₄)₃
Multiply the subscript on the outside times everything inside the parentheses
How does temperature affect the rate of dissolution in an aqueous solution?
Kinetic energy of the particles increase, particles move faster bumping into each other more often speeding up the rate of dissolution.
What happens when objects have balanced forces acting upon them?
Objects will either stay at rest or stay in motion at a constant velocity.
What factors affect gravity?
The mass of an object and distance
What's the difference between qualitative and quantitative variables?
Qualitative: Observation describing an object (color, size, shape, etc.)
Quantitative: Amount of something using numbers
How many total elements are in the chemical formula below:
Cu₃(PO₄)₂
Three total elements
What are two other means to dissolve a substance besides temperature?
What is agitation and increasing surface area of a substance.
Describe "inertia" and how it relates to Newton's 1st Law of Motion.
Inertia is an object's resistance to change it's position based on it's mass.
1st Law states: an object in motion, stays in motion, and object at rest will stay at rest until an unbalanced force acts on the object.
What are comets made of and where are they believed to originate from?
Comets are made of gas, dust and ICE and have a fan-like tail.
They are thought to originate from the Oort Cloud.