Social and Political Life
What do historians call the division of people into classes or groups?
What is social stratification (or hierarchy)?
Farmers, artisans, and merchants are all examples of different types of __________.
What are jobs?
The growth of large, organized cities is called __________.
What is urbanization?
Shared beliefs and rituals in a civilization are called __________.
What is organized religion (or ideology)?
Armies are formed to protect and sometimes __________ territory.
What is expand?
Who ruled Egypt with centralized political authority?
Who is the pharaoh?
What do we call the exchange of goods within and between civilizations?
What is trade?
Today, New York City and Tokyo are examples of huge population centers. Which element of a complex civilization do these cities represent?
What is urbanization?
What kind of temples did the Maya and Aztecs build for their gods?
What are pyramids?
Which civilization built the Great Wall for defense?
What is China?
Name two groups that might be at the top of a civilization’s hierarchy.
Who are nobles and priests?
The Maya traded goods like cacao, jade, and obsidian. What element of a complex civilization does this show?
What is economic complexity (or trade networks)?
In modern times, we use computers and smartphones to send texts and keep records. What ancient element of a complex civilization does this connect to?
What is writing and record keeping?
What element of civilization includes inventions, art, and literature?
What are technological and cultural advancements?
Today, many nations use advanced technology like drones, satellites, and cyber defense to protect themselves. Which element of a complex civilization does this show?
What is military organization and defense?
In Maya civilization, each city had its own ruler. What do we call this type of independent political unit?
What is a city-state?
Today, people around the world buy and sell goods using the internet on websites like Amazon or eBay. Which element of a complex civilization does this represent?
What is economic complexity (or trade networks)?
Which early writing system was used in Mesopotamia?
What is cuneiform?
The Mayans developed two important advancements in science. Name one.
What is astronomy or calendars?
What element of civilization do fortifications, soldiers, and invasions belong to?
What is military organization and defense?
Which element of civilization helps keep order and organize big projects like irrigation systems?
What is centralized political authority?
Modern cities depend on global trade to get food, energy, and products from other countries. Why is this global trade important for civilizations today?
It supports strong economies and helps societies grow (accept: connects countries, provides resources, supports jobs).
Why was writing important for civilizations?
What is to record laws, trade, and history?
How did religion often support rulers’ power?
What is rulers claimed to be chosen by or connected to the gods?
The Romans built one of the strongest armies in history. What advantage did their legions have?
What is discipline and organization (accept: advanced training, strategies, or formation)?