Nervous System 1
The electrical state of the cell membrane can have several variations. These are all variations in the ____
Membrane Potential
This is what happens when membrane potential moves toward zero.
Depolarization
mediated mainly by leakage channels, is the 'quiet' state of the neuron that happens when ions are being pushed/pulled by electrical and concentration forces that impact them. It's a process that occurs in all regions of the neuron (dendrites, soma, axon hillock, axon, terminals) and prepares the regions for one or both of the other 2 processes.
Resting membrane potential (RMP)
These are the chemical messenger molecules that convey upstream information to downstream target cells.
Neurotransmitters
A value measured of -70 mV is the happy place for what?
resting membrane potential
As K+ starts to leave the cell, taking a positive charge with it, the membrane potential begins to move back toward its resting voltage. This is called______
Repolarization
generated by voltage-gated channels, is a brief and extreme electrical change that occurs when certain protein channels are active. This process is localized to the axon hillock (where the signal is initiated) and the axon (where the signal is re-charged and propagated).
Action Potential (AP)
This happens when a postsynaptic neuron receives input from a single presynaptic neuron that is firing over a particulate time
Temporal Summation
The value of -90mV is which ions happy number in the resting membrane potential?
Potassium
Potassium ions continue to efflux and reach equilibrium when the membrane voltage is below -70 mV (recall potassium's happy number is -90mV), so a period of __________.
Hyperpolarization
Produced in part by a certain voltage-gated channel and mainly by ligand-gated channels, is the communicative event that occurs when an upstream neuron sends a chemical signal to a downstream cell that turns it into an electrical event. Though it's most common in the dendrites because they are the receptive structures, note all regions of a neuron can experience this as long as a synapse exists in the areas.
Synaptic Transmission (ST)
This happens when a postsynaptic neuron receives input from several presynaptic neurons that synapse at different locations
Spatial Summation