Unit 1
What is the false consensus effect?
Tendency to overestimate how common our opinions are. (“Everyone knows about this!”)
What is epigenetics?
Studies the changes of gene activity that may be caused by environmental factors. Ex, smoking can “switch on” genes leading to mental illness.
What is observational learning?
Learning that takes place by watching another individual model the learning task and then imitating the behavior, also called social learning.
What is the difference between instrumental and hostile aggression?
Instrumental is harming someone as a result of a drive to achieve something while hostile is the result when a person feels pain, frustration or anger and intends to harm.
What is somatic symptom disorder?
Symptoms without an apparent cause
What is a meta-analysis (non-experimental research method)?
A meta-analysis reviews the results of several studies to gain a comprehensive understanding.
What is nicknamed the “Master Gland” because it regulates the production of ALL hormones in the endocrine system?
Pituitary gland
What is latent learning?
Learn by doing
What is sublimation in defense mechanisms?
Re-channel unacceptable impulses into socially approved activities
What is reactive attachment disorder?
When an infant or young child doesn’t establish attachments with parents or caregivers.
What is the thalamus?
Thalamus is the brain’s sensory control center
What system is composed of the brain and spinal cord?
Central nervous system
What are the three parenting styles according to Diana Baumrind?
Authoritarian, permissive, authoritative
What did Matina Horner conclude in her research?
Concluded that women have a “fear of success”
What’s the psychological approach that has to do with repressed feelings during childhood?
Psychoanalytic approach
What is the limbic system?
The Neural system associated with emotions and drives
What features comprise the somatic branch of the peripheral nervous system?
Controls voluntary muscle movement, made up of two divisions (sensory and motor system).
What is the two-word stage and when does it begin?
Beginning around Age 2 whale uttering two word sentences in telegraphic speech, speaks like a telegraph.
What are Lymphocytes?
A type of white blood cell that is part of the immune system
For what patients is Electroconvulsive Therapy used for?
For severely depressed patients who do not respond to drugs
What is the difference between Broca and Wernicke’s area?
Broca’s Area is the area of the brain responsible for producing speech while Wernicke's Area is responsible for the comprehension of speech.
What is the olfactory bulb’s purpose?
Process SMELL information
What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
Collection of congenital (inborn) problems associated with excessive alcohol use during pregnancy
What are the 2 types of stressors?
Physical: injury, exertion, noise, overcrowding, excessive heat or cold
Psychological: interpersonal conflict, peer pressure, time-pressure tasks, expectations, achievement
What are the 3 general causes for bipolar disorder?
Genetic, biological, and environmental