Words that start with the letter C
What are chromatids?
Identical parts of a chromosome
During what period of the cell cycle does a cell do all the preparation for mitosis?
Interphase
When do sister chromatids line up in the middle?
Metaphase
How many cells are present after meiosis I?
2 cells
Which process produces gametes?
Meiosis
What is a centromere?
The structure that holds together sister chromatids
How do cells know when to move between phases of the cell cycle?
External signals like growth factors
Internal signals like cdk/kinases and cyclin
What are the products of mitosis? be specific!
2, identical, diploid daughter cells
If a body cell has 28 chr, how many chr are in a sperm cell?
14chr
True or false: homologous chromosomes are identical
False
What is a chiasmata?
The point where homologous chromosomes overlap and cross-over in a tetrad
At what point in the cycle would we observe Okazaki fragments?
S phase
A somatic cell has 30 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis?
What is the difference between anaphase I and anaphase II?
What two phases are opposites of each other?
Prophase and telophase
What is the difference between chromosomes and chromatin?
Chromosome is the most condensed form of DNA. Chromatin is less condensed (DNA wrapped in histones)
What happens to cells that fail checkpoints?
They enter G0 until the problem can be fixed. If the problem cannot be fixed, apoptosis occurs
In what stage are sister chromatids pulled apart to opposite poles?
Anaphase
At what point in meiosis does a cell become haploid?
Anaphase I
What is the major difference between plant and animal cells during cytokinesis?
Cell membrane closes by pinching closed in animal cells.
Cell plate forms in plant cells
What is the difference between a centrosome and a centriole?
Centrioles make up a centrosome, along with spindle fibers.
What similarities exist between the G1 and G2 checkpoints?
They both ensure DNA is correct and if growth is occurring.
What are the reasons for mitotic division?
organism growth
repair/replacement
asexual reproduction
When and how does genetic diversity come from in meiosis?
During prophase I- crossing over
During metaphase I- independent assortment
If a cell contains 20 chromosomes after the first cell division in mitosis, how many chromosomes will the daughter cell have?
20 chr