Cells
Nucleus
The control centre of the cell, telling it how to grow.
This system is responsible for bringing oxygen into the body, and removing carbon dioxide.
What is the respiratory system responsible for?
A system that moves blood throughout the body, to deliver oxygen to cells, and collect waste.
What is the circulatory system?
What is digestion?
Vacuole
The organelle that stores nutrients, waste and water for future uses.
A muscle that contracts and expands to pull in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
What is the diaphragm?
Arteries, veins and capillaries.
Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart.
Veins: Carry blood back to the heart.
Capillaries: Materials transfer in and out of these veins. Oxygen in and carbon dioxide out.
What are the three main veins and their purpose?
The connected organs that food passes through as its broken down.
Chloroplast
A chloroplast is the organelle responsible for the process of photosynthesis for plants, the green pigment inside is light absorbing, it breaks down carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
What is ATP?
The route of oxygen from the alveoli.
Using chemical reactions, to convert substances into simpler chemicals that can be more easily absorbed by the body. (Our mouth doesn't put in work to break food down)
What is chemical digestion?
Mitochondria
The organelle responsible for cellular respiration, it uses oxygen to break down glucose into ATP, carbon dioxide and water.
From alveoli, oxygen diffuses through the walls of the surrounding capillaries and enters the blood stream, it then gets carried to the cells.
The route in which oxygen takes to move around the body.
When the mitochondrion uses oxygen to break down glucose into ATP, carbon dioxide and water.
What is cellular respiration?
Slicing, grinding, mashing and churning to break substances into smaller pieces and mix them together.
What is physical digestion?
Specialized cells: Such as red blood cells.
What are cells which carry a special function called? What is an example of this cell?
As it reaches the cells, oxygen diffuses through the capillaries. The mitochondria uses this oxygen to break down glucose formed by food. Water, carbon dioxide and ATP are formed.
The carbon dioxide which was produced, diffuses back out of the cells capillaries, and again gets carried by a red blood cell, back to the lungs where it diffuses into the alveoli again and moves through the same route again to exit the mouth and nose when the diaphragm contracts.
What does oxygen do once it has reached the cells, what does it turn into and what happens to the substances produced?
-Teeth grind up the food
-Special glands pump out saliva to help break down and lubricate the food on its journey.
-It will pass from the stomach into the coils of the small intestine before finally passing into the large intestine.
-Food enters the stomach through a hole at the top, the stomach will churn, squash and squeeze the food into liquid.
-While acid breaks the food down, the stomach walls protect themselves with a lining of mucus.
-The stomach then squeezes the broken-down food out through a tiny hole called the pyrolusite.
-The food enters the small intestine, which is lined with millions of villi, these increase the surface area of the gut making it easier to absorb nutrients.
-The pancreases pumps out a juice that naturalizes stomach acid. Then bile from the liver breaks down the fats into tiny droplets.
-Finally we expel what is left of our first meal.
What steps occur in the digestive tract?