CPR & AED
How long should you spend checking for a pulse and breathing?
no longer than 10 seconds
What is the difference between signs & symptoms?
Signs- any assessment findings that you can see, feel, hear, or smell from the patient
Symptoms- what your patient is feeling or experiencing (headache, foot hurts)
How long should it take you to properly scan your zone?
10 seconds
What is the difference between an incident report and an accident report?
incident- argument/fight/transient situation
accident- any injury that occurs in the facility
What is negligence?
-failing to control or stop any behaviors that could result in further injury
-failing to provide care OR providing inappropriate care
-providing care outside of your scope of practice/level of training
A drowning victim has been pulled from the water and CPR has been initiated. What is something the lifeguard must do before applying the AED?
Cut off their top and expose their chest
Wipe off any water
How do you open a patient's airway with spinal precautions?
Jaw-thrust without head extension maneuver
What are some dangerous behaviors that could affect a swimmer?
Breath holding contests
Hyperventilating then swimming long distances under water
Consumption of Drugs or Alcohol
In our facility, what are the responsibilities of the safety team?
Recognize emergencies and active EAP/call EMS
Crowd Control/evacuate area or facility
Bring EMS to the incident
Collect information to begin report
What are 3 items that lifeguards must have with them at all times
Rescue tube, hip pack, whistle
What is the 2-rescuer compression and ventilation rate for adult, child, and infant?
Adult- 30:2
Child- 15:2
Infant- 15:2
How do you care for an unconscious choking infant?
Care and positioning
5 back blows/5 compressions while infant is being braced by your leg and forearm.
What are 3 challenges you might face when scanning the water?
Glare, blind spots, distractions (conversations), crowds, murky or disturbed water, fatigue, monotony, water distortion.
What are 4 things you would include in the description of a missing person?
-name
-age
-gender
-what they are wearing
What are the three whistle commands and why are they used?
short whistle- you are correcting an infraction committed by a patron
long whistle blast- you are leaving your station to respond to an emergency either on land or in water
3 short whistle blast- you are leaving your station to respond to a suspected head, neck, or back injury either on land or in water
When would you stop CPR?
-the scene becomes unsafe
-EMS arrives and takes over care
-you are too exhausted to continue
-When the AED is analyzing or shocking the patient
-ROSC (Return of Spontaneous Circulation)
What are standard percautions?
the safety measures you take when handling blood and OPIM
During Lifeguard Station Response Testing, how much time does a lifeguard have to rescue a drowning person and give 2 ventilations?
1 1/2 minutes
Why do we keep patrons out of the showers/sinks during a lightning storm?
The lightning can travel through the plumbing and electrocute anyone in the shower
List at least 5 rules that our facility has
shower before entering the pool
changing on pool deck isn't allowed
diving not allowed in shallow end
no running, horseplay, or excessive noise/profanity
no glass/food/drinking/smoking/gum on deck
pets not allowed in the pool area
children 6&under must be in arms reach of an adult
patrons must wear appropriate swim attire
don't hang on pool lines
no littering or spitting in the facility
floatation devices/toys not allowed
skateboards/bikes/scooters not allowed in the facility
patrons with recent/active diarrhea aren't allowed in pool
What does ROSC stand for?
Return of Spontaneous Circulation
What is the difference between respiratory distress, respiratory failure, and respiratory arrest?
Respiratory distress- labored breathing, difficulty speaking, patient may be in tripod position or have changes in LOC
Respiratory failure- ineffective breathing, the body's system is starting to shut down, patient loses consciousness
Respiratory arrest- patient is no longer breathing and it will lead to cardiac arrest very soon
What is the difference between a distressed swimmer and an active drowning person?
Can/can't call for help
above water/head struggling to stay above water
distressed swimmer is capable of staying afloat, but may need help getting to safety
a drowning person is actively drowning and has no effective movement in the water
During the event of an emergency, you are on the phone with 911. Describe your next 3 steps while on the phone
Describe emergency or problem clearly.
State the location and address of the incident
Have a staff member meet the medical personnel officials when they arrive.
What are the 4 possible outcomes in the Signal Detection Theory?
Hit
Miss
False Alarm
Correct Rejection