Defining Critical Thinking
Critical thinking primarily involves:
A. Accepting opinions quickly
B. Analyzing information objectively
C. Memorizing facts accurately
D. Following intuition instinctively
Analyzing information objectively
What is the main statement being argued?
A. Premise
B. Evidence
C. Conclusion
D. Counterargument
Conclusion
A deductive argument is one where:
A. The conclusion is likely true
B. The conclusion must be true
C. Opinions form the conclusion
D. The conclusion is irrelevant
The conclusion must be true
Deductive reasoning moves from:
A. Specific to general
B. Opinion to fact
C. General to specific
D. Belief to evidence
General to specific
Which is a fallacy of attacking the person?
A. Ad hominem
B. Slippery slope
C. Red herring
D. Circular reasoning
Ad hominem
Which of the following best describes critical thinking?
A. Reaching decisions through assumptions
B. Judging ideas based on personal bias
C. Evaluating evidence to form judgments
D. Relying solely on gut reactions
Evaluating evidence to form judgments
Which part supports the conclusion?
A. Premises
B. Assumptions
C. Opinions
D. Conjectures
Premises
An inductive argument aims to show:
A. The conclusion is absolutely true
B. Premises are unrelated to the claim
C. The conclusion is probably true
D. Conclusions are based on assumptions
The conclusion is probably true
Inductive reasoning often relies on:
A. Perfect certainty
B. Personal opinions
C. Universal premises
D. Probabilistic conclusions
Probabilistic conclusions
What fallacy diverts the argument to an irrelevant topic?
A. Straw man
B. Red herring
C. False dilemma
D. Ad hominem
Red herring
A core skill of critical thinking is:
A. Immediate agreement with arguments
B. Prioritizing emotional reactions
C. Repeating established norms
D. Open-minded analysis of perspectives
Open-minded analysis of perspectives
A counterargument in an argument:
A. Reinforces the premise
B. Challenges the main claim
C. Concludes the discussion
D. Restates the conclusion
Challenges the main claim
A valid deductive argument means:
A. Premises guarantee the conclusion
B. The conclusion is merely plausible
C. Evidence contradicts the premise
D. Assumptions replace premises
Premises guarantee the conclusion
Which reasoning guarantees a conclusion if premises are true?
A. Inductive
B. Deductive
C. Analogical
D. Comparative
Deductive
A false dilemma fallacy:
A. Appeals to popular opinion
B. Attacks personal character
C. Jumps to broad conclusions
D. Ignores available options
Ignores available options
Critical thinking enables individuals to:
A. Develop informed, reasoned conclusions
B. Ignore diverse viewpoints
C. Accept information at face value
D. Focus only on personal beliefs
Develop informed, reasoned conclusions
Which part justifies a premise?
A. Fallacy
B. Assumption
C. Evidence
D. Opinion
Evidence
An argument with strong premises leading to a probable conclusion is:
A. Invalid
B. Redundant
C. Deductive
D. Inductive
Inductive
Which reasoning draws conclusions based on patterns?
A. Inductive
B. Deductive
C. Conditional
D. Formal
Inductive
Circular reasoning occurs when:
A. The premise repeats the conclusion
B. Evidence contradicts the claim
C. The argument avoids the topic
D. A false authority is cited
The premise repeats the conclusion
Which of these demonstrates critical thinking?
A. Believing popular trends blindly
B. Following instructions automatically
C. Reflecting carefully before judgment
D. Accepting authoritative claims without question
Reflecting carefully before judgment
What is an implicit part of an argument?
A. Assumption
B. Conclusion
C. Premise
D. Evidence
Assumption
A sound argument requires:
A. True premises and validity
B. Strong premises only
C. An invalid structure
D. Biased assumptions
True premises and validity
Deductive arguments are evaluated based on:
A. Strength and reliability
B. Opinion and belief
C. Validity and soundness
D. Bias and assumption
Validity and soundness
Which is an example of a hasty generalization?
A. Judging all based on one case
B. Attacking a personal trait
C. Introducing a false premise
D. Repeating an assumption
Judging all based on one case