Chp. 8 - Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds
A _________ is any ovary and its accessory parts that have developed and matured, and usually contains one or more seeds.
What is a fruit?
The green alga that is thought to be an indirect ancestor of today's land plants; an ________ (grows on plants without harming them).
What is epiphyte and Coleochaete?
All true fungi are ___________, most of which absorb food through their cell walls made of _______.
What is heterotrophs, and chitin?
This phylum has stomata on its sporophytes, a feature that is unique in the bryophyte group.
On the board, label the parts of a seaweed/brown algae.
From the bottom up - holdfast, thallus (stipe/bladder/blades).
The three fruit regions are _______, _________, and ________; collectively they are called the __________.
What are exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp; pericarp?
What is isomorphism?
This artificial phylum of imperfect fungi includes recognizable groups such as Penicillium and those that cause ringworm and athlete's foot.
What is Deuteromycota?
This phylum reproduces asexually by means of gemmae.
What is Hepaticophyta?
On the board, label the parts of a fungus from the Phylum Zygomycota.
From the bottom up - coenocytic hyphae, stolons, sporangiophores (sporangia/columella), spores.
Compare a superior vs. inferior ovary.
What is: the ovary is positioned above the calyx/corolla vs. the receptacle grows up and around the ovary so calyx/corolla attach at the top of the ovary?
The three algal phyla we've covered and a distinguishing characteristic of each.
What are 1) Chlorophyta (green algae), 2) Chromophyta (yellow-green, golden-brown, diatoms, brown), and 3) Rhodophyta (red)?
The two types of hyphae and their distinguishing features.
What are septate (separated by cell walls) and coenocytic (no separation, cytoplasm flows freely)?
What is a protonema?
On the board, label the parts of a fungus from the Phylum Basidiomycota.
From the bottom up - septate hyphae, volva, stipe, annulus, gills (basidia/sterigmata/basidiospores), pileus.
Define annual, biennial, and perennial plants.
What are: plants that have a one-season life cycle, plants that complete their life cycle in two seasons, and plants that take many seasons to produce seeds?
The four classes (with common names) we discussed from Phylum Chromophyta.
What are: 1)Xanthophyceae (yellow-green algae), 2) Chrysophyceae (golden-brown algae), 3) Bacillariophyceae (diatoms), and 4) Phaeophyceae (brown algae)?
The three growth forms of lichens and their distinguishing features.
What are: 1) Crustose (attached on lower surface), 2) Foliose (leaflike, often overlap), and 3) Fruticose (upright or hanging down)?
The four main characteristics shared by green algae and plants.
What are: 1) Chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoids, 2) Starch as a food reserve, 3) Cellulose found in cell walls, and 4) Presence of phragmoplast and cell plate during cell division?
On the board, label the parts of a fungus from the Phylum Ascomycota.
From the bottom up - antheridia/archegonia, ascogenous hyphae, ascoma, hymenium, asci, ascospores.
The five main characteristic differences between a monocot and a dicot.
What are: 1) one/two cotyledons, 2) flowers in multiples of 3/4-5, 3) leaves with parallel/reticulate veins, 4) vascular and cork cambium present/absent, 5) vascular bundles scattered/in a ring?
The six genera we discussed from Chlorophyta and a distinguishing feature for each.
What are: 1) Chlamydomonas (cup-shaped chloroplast), 2) Ulothrix (filamentous, "woolly hair"), 3) Spirogyra (spiral/ribbon chloroplasts), 4) Oedogonium (netlike chloroplasts), 5) Volvox (colonial, hollow ball of individuals), and 6) Ulva (flattened, isomorphic blades with holdfasts)?
The five fungal phyla we discussed and what type of hyphae are found in each group.
What are: 1) Chytridiomycota (coenocytic), 2) Zygomycota (coenocytic), 3) Ascomycota (septate), 4) Basidiomycota (septate), 5) Deuteromycota (N/A)?
The three bryophyta phyla we've discussed and include their common names and how they reproduce asexually.
What are: 1) Hepaticophyta (liverworts/gemmae), 2) Anthocerophyta (hornworts/fragmentation), and 3) Bryophyta (mosses/fragmentation)?
On the board, label a flower and all of its parts.
From the bottom up - roots, stem, leaves, pedicle/peduncle, receptacle, perianth (sepals/calyx, petals/corolla), stamen (anther/filament), pistil (ovary/ovule/style/stigma).