CH. 10
What did the 17th Amendment change?
The 17th Amendment changed how U.S. Senators are selected. Originally, Senators were appointed by state legislatures, but after the amendment, they were elected directly by the people of each state.
T/F: Andrew Jackson started the trend of presidents being their party leaders (informally).
False; Thomas Jefferson was the first president to be seen as an (informal) party leader.
What happens to an Enrolled Bill if the president does not sign-it within 10 days?
The bill becomes law.
What is the purpose of the War Powers Act?
"No more Vietnams"; To prevent any more escalated interventions and allow Congress to vote for a president who refuses to withdraw from an escalated, drawn-out intervention.
This amendment was created after FDR died while in office. This amendment enforces George Washington's beliefs of limiting presidential terms to 2 terms to prevent tyranny.
What is the 22nd Amendment?
Senator Scrappy spent 2 hours ranting about how owls are the best birds and schools with owl mascots are top schools (Go KSU!) in an attempt to prevent senators from voting on changing the Tootsie Pop mascot from an Owl to an Eagle. After hours of his speech, his fellow senators finally voted to end his filibuster. What was Senator Scrappy doing, and what was the vote called to end his speech? How many votes does the Senate need to end this filibuster?
BONUS!!!
-Scrappy was filibustering.
-The senators performed a cloture to end the filibustering.
-A cloture needs 60 votes (a super majority).
What is the Case Act of 1972?
Bill aimed at the Nixon Administration that requires timely notification to Congress of all executive agreements.
President Scrappy has been accused of abusing his executive powers, and the House votes to send charges to the Senate. The Senate then holds a trial to determine whether he should be removed from office. If the Senate finds him guilty, he could be removed from office as a result. What process is being followed here, and what could the Senate’s verdict lead to?
Bonus: This president, facing serious charges related to abuse of power, was almost subjected to a trial for removal from office but chose to resign before the process could begin. Who was this president?
What is an "impeachment"? This can lead to removal and/or disqualification from office.
Bonus: Who is President Richard Nixon?
Name the formal differences of the House & Senate.
House:
-Must be at least 25 years old
-2 year terms
-propotional to state pops. (total of 435)
-Revenue bills orginate
Senate:
-Must be at least 30 years old
-6 year term
-Equal (2/state, 100 in total)
-"Advice & Consent"
This president changed the narrative of the role of the Vice President. Who was this Vice President, and how did the narrative change?
-VP Teddy Roosevelt
-He changed it from an old politician's "dumping ground" to a position to gain voters.
Senator Scrappy is on a select committee investigating the FBI about the mysterious deaths of owls in Owl Town, USA. What is this power called where Congress can conduct such investigations?
Oversight: the power of Congress to supervise the agencies of the Executive branch
What three amendments are related to POTUS? Name the number and describe it.
20th Amendment: Shortened the “lame-duck” period by moving federal inaugurations from March to January.
22nd Amendment: Officially limits Presidents to being elected to two terms.
25th Amendment: Provides for filling a vacancy in the Vice Presidency, and for temporarily replacing a President who has been incapacitated.
This law, passed by Congress, sought to curtail presidential power in military conflicts by establishing a process for Congress to compel a president to withdraw from undeclared wars. It was a direct response to the escalation of the Vietnam War and Nixon’s actions in the conflict.
What is the War Powers Act of 1973?
Under the U.S. Constitution, this chamber of Congress is designated as the starting point for revenue bills, due to its closer representation of the people.
What is the House of Representatives?
Name the current:
1. Speaker of the House
2. House Majority Leader
3. House Minority Leader
1. Mike Johnson
2. Steve Scalise
3. Hakeem Jefferies
In class, Professor Carrico shared that if you want your bill passed, to persuade or be a part of a specific part. Which part of the 'Bill Drafting Process' would you want to get your bill passed? Why?
Extra 100 points: T/F: Most bills "die" on the President's desk.
Rules Committee because no matter if the bill is introduced in the House or Congress, it must go through the Rules Committee.
Bonus: F- Most bills die in Committee
Name at least 4 of the "assumed" informal powers that were introduced by former presidents, and who introduced them?
"Party Leader"- Jefferson
"National Political Leader"-Jackson
"Emergency Leader"-Lincoln
"Superstar" T. Roosevelt
"Chief Legislative"-Wilson
"Invented Modern Presidency"-FDR
"Leader of the Free World"-JFK
Finish the equation:
Enumerated Powers + Implied Powers + x = Presidential Powers
&
What are the three powers from x and what council(s) supports these powers?
Enumerated Powers + Implied Powers + Delegated Powers = Presidential Powers
-Domestic & Budgetary; Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
Employment; Council of Economic Advisors (CEA)
National Security; National Security Council (NSC)
Senator Scrappy's constituents want to make it illegal for residents of Owltown, USA, to pass out any other candy besides Tootsie Pops on Halloween and all other holidays. However, Senator Sour Patch has more notoriety and influence in the chamber. To gain Senator Sour Patch's trust and to get with the "in-crowd" with Senator Nerds and Senator Sweetharts, Senator Scrappy votes against the Tootsie Pops, and votes "yes" on only sour candies that can be passed out during holidays. What type of representation theory is this scenario?
What is the "Politico Role" of Representation theory?
This president reversed his predecessor's policies and escalated the situation in Vietnam, eventually deceiving Congress into supporting him through manipulated intelligence.
Who is President Lyndon B. Johnson?
What are some informal differences between the House of Representatives and the Senate, and why do these differences exist?
House:
-Strict Rules
-Limited Debate
-More Partisan
-Specialization
Senate:
-Loose Rules
-Unlimited Debate
-More Collegial
-Accommodation
Different to the size of each chamber.
This historian and author warned that expanded executive power could lead to an "imperial" presidency, fearing the potential for abuse by future leaders. His concerns were heightened during the administrations of Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon, and he predicted a constitutional crisis that would manifest during the Watergate scandal. What is the title of his influential work?
What is the "Imperial Presidency"?
Senator Scrappy repeatedly spreads the rhetoric that Owls are the best birds. In Owltown, USA, other owl officials have begun speaking this same rhetoric. This rhetoric has influenced owl residents to say cruel things to Bald Eagles, Hawks, Woodpeckers, and many more birds! This is an example of what?
What is permission-giving?
This theory relates to the president's veto, allowing modern-day presidents to veto a law based on disliking the law rather than it being unconstitutional. What is this theory?
Bonus: What is the opposite theory called?
What is the "Jacksonian Theory"?
Bonus: What is the "Jeffersonian Theory"?
This landmark Supreme Court case resulted in a decision that limited the scope of executive privilege, requiring a sitting president to turn over evidence, despite claims of immunity from legal oversight.
What is US v. Nixon (1974)?