Nutrient Groups
What is the major source of readily usable human energy?
Carbs/Carbohydrates
Explain the process of absorption.
Absorption is the process where digested nutrients pass through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream to be used by the body.
What can lead to a person being underweight
High metabolism, inadequate calorie intake due to appetite loss, or underlying conditions like gastrointestinal disorders, infections, cancer, or hyperthyroidism
What is anorexia?
An eating disorder where a person restricts food because of fear of gaining weight.
Vitamins, minerals, and water do not provide what?
Calories/Energy
Name three of the most common lipids.
Triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols (such as cholesterol)
This is the process in which nutrients are used by cells for building tissue, producing energy, and regulating body functions. What is it?
Metabolism
What is a calorie
Calories are units of energy that measure how much fuel your body receives from food and beverages
What is the difference between regular and therapeutic diets?
A regular diet has no restrictions while a therapeutic diet is modified to treat a medical condition.
Explain antioxidants.
Substances that protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.
The fibrous, indigestible form of plant carbohydrate is called what?
Dietary fiber
Explain the process called peristalsis.
Peristalsis is the wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.
Explain Body Mass Index & the abbreviation
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a screening tool that estimates body fat by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters
What is something that can be eaten on a soft diet?
Foods like mashed potatoes, yogurt, eggs, or soup.
Free radicals can damage what?
Cells
Unsaturated fats are also known as what?
Oils
What process changes food chemically
Chemical Digestion
Body fat percentage to be categorized as obese
Obesity is generally defined by a body fat percentage (BF%) of over 25% for men and over 30–36% for women.
A low cholesterol diet can be used for patients with what disease?
Heart disease
What is the difference between water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins?
Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water and are not stored much in the body, while fat-soluble vitamins dissolve in fat and can be stored in body fat.
Carbohydrates and proteins provide how many calories per gram?
The Small Intestine
What organ absorbs most nutrients in the digestive system
The small intestine
Carbohydrates and proteins provide how many calories per gram
4 calories in a gram of carbohydrate or protein
Fat-restricted diets are also known as what?
Low-fat Diets
What functions do minerals have in the body?
They help build bones and teeth, regulate body processes, and support nerve and muscle function.