Word Elements
Windpipe
What 3 elements does the upper respiratory tract consist of?
Nose, Pharynx, and Larynx.
What are the four elements of the lower respiratory tract?
Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.
Upper Respiratory Infection (URI).
What is a spirometer?
An instrument/device used to measure respiratory volumes.
What are the word elements in mucolytic?
Root, combining form, and suffix
Root/CF= muc/o-
Root= -lyt-
Suffix= -ic
Define pharynx and larynx.
Pharynx is a tube from the back of the nose to the larynx that receives air from nasal cavity and food from oral cavity.
Larynx is the organ of voice production.
What is an alveolus?
A thin-walled sac supported by a thin, semipermeable respiratory membrane where gas exchange occurs.
What does CF stand for and its definition?
CF stands for Cystic Fibrosis, a genetic disease in which excessive viscid mucus obstructs passages including pancreas, salivary glands, liver, intestine, and lungs.
What are four abnormal breath sounds that auscultation detects?
Wheezes (rhonchi), Crackles (rales), Pleural rub, and Stridor.
What does the root in mediastinum mean?
-stin- means partition
What are the 5 functions of the nose?
1. Passageway for air
2. Air cleanser
3. Air moisturizer
4. Air warmer
5. Olfaction (sense of smell)
The right lung has three lobes: superior, middle, and inferior. The left lung has two lobes: superior and inferior.
What is croup as well as another name for it?
Croup is an infection of the upper airways in children, characterized by a barking cough. Also called laryngotracheobronchitis.
What does CPAP stand for and what is it?
CPAP stands for continuous positive airway pressure and applies pressure to airways through a nasal, oral mask, or nose piece which supports breathing during inhalation and exhalation for OSA.
Deconstruct the word laryngotracheobronchitis and the meaning of the elements.
Laryng/o- = larynx
-trache/o- = trachea
-bronch- = bronchus
-itis = inflammation
What are the names and locations of the 3 pharynx regions.
1. Nasopharynx: located at the back of the nose and above the soft palate and uvula.
2. Oropharynx: located at the back of the mouth between the soft palate and tip of the epiglottis.
3. Laryngopharynx: located below the epiglottis that includes the larynx.
What is tracheobronchial tree?
An upside-down, tree-like structure that conducts air in your chest which is comprised of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchial tubes.
What are the 7 common signs and symptoms of respiratory disorders?
1. Cough
2. Dyspnea
3. Cyanosis
4. Changes in breathing rate
5. Sneezing
6. Hiccups
7. Yawning
A patient has sinusitis with bad nasal congestion. It would be most beneficial to use ______ medication.
Decongestants.
-tomy = surgical incision
What the 2 major roles of the larynx?
1. Maintaining an open passage for the movement of air to and from the trachea 2. Producing sounds through the vocal cords.
A ___ ___ breathes 10 to 15 times per ___.
Resting adult; minute.
State 4 disorders of the pharynx.
1. Snoring
2. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
3. Pharyngitis
4. Tonsillitis.
Name 3 surgical removal procedures of the respiratory system and define each one.
Lobectomy= Surgical removal of a lobe.
Pneumonectomy= Surgical removal of a lung.
Tonsillectomy= Surgical removal of the tonsils.