Genetics
What is the basic unit of heredity?
Gene
Which structure allows bacteria to move through their environment?
What does PCR stand for?
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Which vitamin deficiency can cause scurvy?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin C
Which technique is commonly used to separate DNA fragments based on their size?
Gel Electrophoresis
What is the process by which bacteria take up free DNA from their surroundings?
Transformation
Which enzyme is used to cut DNA at specific recognition sequences?
Restriction enzyme (restriction endonuclease)
Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating the body's metabolic rate?
A. Insulin
B. Thyroxine
C. Adrenaline
D. Melatonin
B. Thyroxine
What is the term for a mutation in which a single nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide?
Point mutation
What is the process by which bacteria transfer genetic material directly from one cell to another through cell-to-cell contact?
Conjugation
Which enzyme synthesizes complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template?
Reverse transcriptase
Which of the following is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues?
A. Malaria
B. Type 1 diabetes
C. Influenza
D. Tuberculosis
B. Type 1 diabetes