Rock Cycle
Name the 3 types of rocks
Sedimentary, Metamorphic, Igeous
Where do Convection Currents take place?
The mantle
Place where 2 plates slip past one another
Transform boundary
Law that says older layers lie beneath younger layers.
Law of Superposition
Which element is used to date rocks?
Carbon
What 2 processes change rocks into sediment?
weathering and erosion
When 2 continental plates collide, what is the result?
Mountains
Alfred Wegener hypothesized that all plates were once joined together in a single landmass known as
Pangea
Sediments are deposited in flat layers due to gravity, but Layers that are tilted or compressed have been acted on by geologic forces.
Law of Orginal Horizontality
Earth was formed approximately
4.6 billion years
What kind of rock always results from the application of heat and pressure?
Metmorphic
When 2 Oceanic plates collide what determines which plate will subduct?
Their density
Oceanic with greater density goes under
What causes plates to move?
Convection currents in the mantle.
If a rock layer is cut by a fault or by magma pushing in to it, the rock that is cut must be older than the rock that cuts it.
Law of Cross-Cutting Relationships
First Life on Earth was
3.8 million Years ago
The process where wind, water, and ice break-down rocks is called.
Weathering
Where do the tectonic plates sit?
Athenosphere
The process where the seafloor spreads apart along both sides of a mid-ocean ridge as new crust is added is known as
Seafloor Spreading
Law that states Layers of sedimentary rock extend laterally in the same order
Lateral Continuity
a fossil used to define and identify a specific period in geological time is called
Index Fossil
Rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth's surface.
Intrusive Igneous
Who was the scientist who proposed the theory of continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
What evidence did Wegener use to prove his theory? Name 3
Fossils
Land Features
Climate Change
This type of Dating Provides a numerical age for rocks and geological events, typically measured in years, by analyzing the decay of radioactive isotopes
Absolute Dating
a type of fossil that forms when minerals fill in the space left by a decayed organism or its remains, creating a replica of the original shape
Cast Fossil