Principles, Laws, and People
What principle states that the buoyant force experienced by an object is exactly equal to the weight of the fluid displaced?
Archimedes' principle
The strength of a sound wave
intensity
What is stimulated emission?
An excited atom releases a photon after a collision.
What is the process of dissipating the energy of sound waves in matter?
absorption
What is the heat required to change a given mass of a solid into a liquid without changing temperature?
heat of fusion
Who first demonstrated the existence of invisible electromagnetic waves?
Heinrich Hertz
The perceived highness or lowness of a sound
pitch
What is the process in which colors are produced by interference of reflected light?
iridescence
Which type of wave makes communication possible between ships, airplanes, and cellphones?
radio waves
What is the amount of thermal energy needed to change an object's temperature by a given amount?
heat capacity
What law relates an object's force, mass, and acceleration?
second law of motion
The musical distance between two notes
interval
What type of lens curves outward and bends light inward to converge on a point?
convex (lens)
What is the term for a beam of light containing waves that are aligned in the same direction?
polarized
What type of heat transfer occurs when a window fan blows air into a house?
convection
What is the phenomenon in which light knocks electrons loose from the atoms of certain metals?
photoelectric effect
The number of waves that pass a given point per unit of time
frequency
What is an object that separates light into its component colors through refraction?
prism
How would you expect the speed of light measured in a stationary laboratory to be different from the speed measured by a satellite orbiting Earth at 11,100 km/h?
The measured speed would be the same in both places.
Jameson placed a sealed mug of room-temperature water into a freezer. When he removed the mug from the freezer at the end of the day, the mug was broken. Why did this happen?
Water suddenly expands at 0°C and freezes.
In which type of wave do particles of the medium oscillate in the direction of wave motion?
longitudinal (wave)
What are multiple reflections of sound waves causing a persistence of sound called?
reverberation
Why is laser light extremely intense compared to normal light?
The beam is concentrated narrowly and coherently.
Tiny bundles or packets of energy of light
photons
What type of heat transfer occurs between a hot pad and a casserole dish resting on it?
conduction