DNA
Life Cycles
Cell Division
Misc.
Secondary Growth
100
It has a sugar-phosphate backbone.
What is DNA?
100
Bryophytes and ferns require this element for spore dispersal.
What is wind?
100
Division of the nucleus to produce two nuclei, each with the original number of chromosomes.
What is mitosis?
100
Plants use these compounds to 'talk' to their neighbors through the shoots AND roots.
What are VOCs (or volatile organic compounds)?
100
Mitosis in this area results in lateral growth (thickening of the stem or root) and adds to the girth of a plant rather than its length.
What is a lateral meristem?
200
Regions of DNA that are protein coding are transcribed into this type of molecule.
What is mRNA?
200
Name this structure:
What is a prothallus or gametophyte?
200
Two identical dsDNA molecules (sister chromatids) for each chromosome now exist.
What is present in S-phase of the cell cycle?
200
These long distance signaling molecules change gene expression patterns in response to developmental cues or external stimuli.
What are plant hormones?
200
A secondary meristem that produces periderm.
What is cork cambium?
300
These are composed of coiled up DNA with associated proteins.
What are chromosomes?
300
After a fern spore (1n), is released and begins to germinate, it undergoes this process to develop the gametophyte plant body and gametes.
What is mitosis?
300
A cell with two sets of chromosomes.
What is diploid?
300
Stimulates cell division and elongation in stems and leaves, can override dwarfism in some plants, and break seed dormancy in germinating seeds
What is gibberellin?
300
All cells from the vascular cambium outwards to the epidermis.
What is bark?
400
Both mitosis and meiosis begin with 1 round of DNA replication. In this state, prior to undergoing any division, this is the ploidy of the cells.
What is 2n?
400
The archegonia and antheridia of mosses and ferns develop on the terminal portion of this generation.
What is the gametophyte?
400
Sister chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell.
What is anaphase?
400
These delay senescence processes and are used commercially to extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.
What are cytokinins?
400
All have some form of secondary growth, some more than others.
What is a eudicot?
500
Regions of DNA that are regulatory sequences, provide binding sites for this type of protein.
What are transcription factors?
500
A type of seedless vascular plant species which produces two very different sizes of spores (heterospory), in separate sporangia.
What is Selaginella?
500
Homologous chromosomes pair into tetrads and exchange genetic information, then segregate from each other in Meiosis I.
What is meiosis?
500
This salvages most carbon from the oxygenation reaction of RuBisCo, has photoprotective effects (prevents light-induced damage to molecules involved in photosynthesis), helps to maintain Redox balance in cells, and produces amino acids that help in stress mitigation, protecting plants from ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species).
What are photorespiration?
500
Wood that is denser and has larger sized cells, it forms when water is abundant.
What is spring wood?